Effects of Maternal Resveratrol on Maternal High-Fat Diet/Obesity with or without Postnatal High-Fat Diet

Abstract

To examine the effects of maternal resveratrol in rats borne to dams with gestational high-fat diet (HFD)/obesity with or without postnatal high-fat diet. We first tested the effects of maternal resveratrol intake on placenta and male fetus brain in rats borne to dams with gestational HFD/obesity. Then, we assessed the possible priming effect of a subsequent insult, male offspring were weaned onto either a rat chow or a HFD. Spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test. Blood pressure and peripheral insulin resistance were examined. Maternal HFD/obesity decreased adiponectin, phosphorylation alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (pAKT), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in rat placenta, male fetal brain, and adult male offspring dorsal hippocampus. Maternal resveratrol treatment restored adiponectin, pAKT, and BDNF in fetal brain. It also reduced body weight, peripheral insulin resistance, increased blood pressure, and alleviated cognitive impairment in adult male offspring with combined maternal HFD and postnatal HFD. Maternal resveratrol treatment restored hippocampal pAKT and BDNF in rats with combined maternal HFD and postnatal HFD in adult male offspring dorsal hippocampus. Maternal resveratrol intake protects the fetal brain in the context of maternal HFD/obesity. It effectively reduced the synergistic effects of maternal HFD/obesity and postnatal HFD on metabolic disturbances and cognitive impairment in adult male offspring. Our data suggest that maternal resveratrol intake may serve as an effective therapeutic strategy in the context of maternal HFD/obesity.

Resveratrol Supplementation Attenuates Cognitive and Molecular Alterations under Maternal High-Fat Diet Intake: Epigenetic Inheritance over Generations

“…Previous results from our group have demonstrated that RSV modulates key pathways for correct neuronal function, improving cognitive decline in the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) and its offspring [ 32 ]. However, the pleiotropic mechanism of action of RSV is not completely described, although increasing evidence in animal models brings to light the beneficial effects of polyphenols such as RSV across generations [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Preventive Aspects of Early Resveratrol Supplementation in Cardiovascular and Kidney Disease of Developmental Origins

“…However, only some of them reported offspring outcomes, as reviewed elsewhere [ 94 ]. Here, we summarize studies describing the reprogramming effects of resveratrol in experimental models of developmental programming, with a focus on CVD and kidney disease ( Table 1 ) [ 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 ]. Resveratrol therapy will be only restricted to those starting before the onset of cardiovascular and renal phenotypes.…”

Resveratrol intake during pregnancy and lactation re-programs adiposity and ameliorates leptin resistance in male progeny induced by maternal high-fat/high sucrose plus postnatal high-fat/high sucrose diets via fat metabolism regulation

“…A study from Hsu, et al had shown that maternal HFHS diet reduce adiponectin, SIRT1, p-AKT, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) of fetal brain and adult progeny hippocampus [46]. Maternal resveratrol treatment could renovate hippocampal p-AKT and BDNF of adult progeny with prenatal HFHS plus postnatal HFHS diet [46]. Maternal resveratrol supplementation seems reach both the central and peripheral tissues of the progeny.…”

“…Whether prenatal resveratrol can modulate the altered neurotransmitters induced by maternal HF exposure is an interesting issue and need further studies. Maternal resveratrol therapy was also reported to reverse the insulin resistance induced by combined maternal HF plus postnatal HF diet exposure [46,48]. The beneficial effects of resveratrol in HF exposed dams may have been indirect, as possibly related to glucose-lowering and insulin-sensitizing activities.…”