Effects of marine oil-enriched diets on guinea pig megakaryocyte and platelet lipids: effects on thromboxane synthesis and platelet function

Schick, Paul K.; Menon, Sunitha; Wojenski, Carol M.

doi:10.1016/0005-2736(90)90399-9

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…18 It has been shown that the incorporation of EPA into platelets and megakaryocytes alters the fatty acid composition of circulating platelets. 22 In platelets, arachidonic acid is metabolized by cyclooxygenase to TXA 2 , which potently enhances platelet aggregation. In the vascular wall, in contrast, it is metabolized by cyclooxygenase to PGI 2 that potently inhibits platelet aggregation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral eicosapentaenoic acid for complications of bone marrow transplantation

Takatsuka

Takemoto

Iwata

et al. 2001

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Summary:The 'systemic inflammatory response syndrome' (SIRS) may represent the underlying cause of complications after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). This study was conducted to determine whether blocking the etiologic factors of SIRS could improve the complications of BMT. Sixteen consecutive patients with unrelated donors were allocated alternately to two groups. Seven patients received 1.8 g/day of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) orally from 3 weeks before to about 180 days after transplantation, while nine patients did not. These two groups were compared with respect to complications, survival, and various cytokines and factors causing vascular endothelial damage. All seven patients receiving EPA survived and only two had grade III graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Among the nine patients not receiving EPA, three had grade III or IV GVHD. In addition, thrombotic microangiopathy developed in four patients and cytomegalovirus disease occurred in four. Five patients died in this group. The levels of leukotriene B 4 , thromboxane A 2 , and prostaglandin I 2 were significantly lower in patients receiving EPA than in those not receiving it (all P Ͻ 0.01). Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-␣, interferon-␥, and interleukin-10 were also significantly decreased by EPA (P Ͻ 0.05), as were factors causing vascular endothelial damage such as thrombomodulin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (P Ͻ 0.05). The survival rate was significantly higher in the group given EPA (P Ͻ 0.01). EPA significantly reduced the complications of BMT, indicating that these complications may be manifestations of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2001) 28, 769-774.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral eicosapentaenoic acid for complications of bone marrow transplantation

Takatsuka

Takemoto

Iwata

et al. 2001

Bone Marrow Transplant

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“…However, the increment of increase in 20:5 and 22:6 content was similar to that in our previous study with menhaden oil-enriched diets, which contained lesser amounts of co-3 fatty acids. 13 The effects of menhaden oil-enriched diets on megakaryocyte and platelet lipids on other fatty acids were limited to a decrease in 18:2 and 20:4. 13 However, the administration of diets enriched with high concentrations of co-3 ethyl esters caused a depression in saturated fatty acids as well as unsaturated fatty acids in megakaryocytes and platelets as shown in Tables 2 and 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 - 13 Megakaryocytes were isolated to about 85% purity by cell number and greater than 98% purity by cell volume. Megakaryocyte subgroups at different phases of maturation were isolated by the Celsep procedure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The supernates were stored at -20°C, and the content of thromboxane was determined by radioimmunoassay. 13 …”

Section: Thromboxane Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study 13 we showed that the ingestion of marine oil-enriched diets had differing effects on megakaryocyte and platelet fatty acid composition. In addition, greater amounts of 20:5 and 22:6 were incorporated into acidic phospholipids in mature than immature megakaryocytes.…”

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confidence: 92%

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The effects of olive oil, hydrogenated palm oil, and omega-3 fatty acid-enriched diets on megakaryocytes and platelets.

Schick

Wojenski

Walker

1993

Arterioscler Thromb

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Unsaturated fatty acids are thought to pi event thrombotic and arteriosclerotic disease, whereas saturated fatty acids are thought to increase the incidence of these disorders. However, the effects of these diets on megakaryocytes and platelets are not welll understood. We compared the effects of diets enriched with 8.4% olive oil, 8.4% hydrogenated palm oil, or 10.2% to-3 fatty acid ethyl esters on guinea pig megakaryocytes and platelets. In plasma, changes in fatty acid composition reflected the composition of each diet. However, in platelets and megakaryocyi:es, hydrogenated palm oil induced a decrease in 16:0 and an increase in 18:2 while the olive oil diet caused a marked increase in 18:1 and a decrease in most other fatty acids. The differences in the effects of the diets on cellular versus plasma fatty acids suggest that megakaryocytes and platelets have an extensive capacity to regulate their fatty acid composition. Thrombocytosis occurred with the w-3 fatty acid-enriched diet: 12.9± 1.78x 10 s compared with 7.45±1.08xl0 5 platelets per microliter of platelet-rich plasma in control animals. There was an increase in megakaryocyte size, ploidy, and morphological stage (cytoplasmic maturation) with the to-3 fatty acid-enriched diet but not with the other diets. The to-3 fatty acid-enriched diet decreased platelet thromboxane production while the other diets had no effect. Platelet hypersensitivity was suggested in collagen aggregation studies with olive oil but not with the hydrogenated palm oil diet. Although saturated fatty acid diets are thought to be athero|>enic, this diet had no affect on platelet function. The possibility that olive oil-enriched diets can increase platelet sensitivity and thereby augment thrombosis should be considered when making recommendations for increasing the dietary intake of monounsaturated fatty acids. ( 1 Dietary supplementation with unsaturated fatty acids, particularly marine oils, is reported to modify platelet function, as evidenced by the prolongation of the bleeding time, diminished platelet aggregation and secretion, and attenuated thromboxane production.2 -5 These diet-related effects on platelets are considered to be beneficial for the prevention of cardiovascular disorders. 1The mechanisms for the effects of fatty acid-modified diets on platelet lipid composition and platelet function are not well understood. Unsaturated fatty acid-enriched diets may lead to the modification of platelet function due to several mechanisms, such as i:he alteration of plasma lipoproteins, eicosanoid production, and cellular lipid composition.1 -9 It is not known whether the ingestion of fatty acid-modified diets exerts a primary or different effect on megakaryocytes than on platelets. The megakaryocyte is likely to be an important target of these diets, since megakaryocytes have a greater capacity for lipid synthesis and metabolism than do platelets. 10 -12 For example, megakaryocytes but not platelets have the capacity for de novo synthesis of arachidonic acid 12 and cholesterol syn...

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