Effects of major parameters of nanoparticles on their physical and chemical properties and recent application of nanodrug delivery system in targeted chemotherapy

Abstract

Chemotherapy is still one of the main cancer therapy treatments, but the curative effect of chemotherapy is relatively low, as such the development of a new cancer treatment is highly desirable. The gradual maturation of nanotechnology provides an innovative perspective not only for cancer therapy but also for many other applications. There are a diverse variety of nanoparticles available, and choosing the appropriate carriers according to the demand is the key issue. The performance of nanoparticles is affected by many parameters, mainly size, shape, surface charge, and toxicity. Using nanoparticles as the carriers to realize passive targeting and active targeting can improve the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs significantly, reduce the mortality rate of cancer patients, and improve the quality of life of patients. In recent years, there has been extensive research on nanocarriers. In this review, the effects of several major parameters of nanoparticles on their physical and chemical properties are reviewed, and then the recent progress in the application of several commonly used nanoparticles is presented.

Effect of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes and their Citric Acid Polymerization on Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

“…Given these results, fCNTs entering the cell [16,58,67,68] adhere to growing evidence for the fCNTs to be used as drug carrier vehicles [58,[67][68][69][70][71][72] in cancer therapy [55,67,70,72], as well as for studies of cytotoxic effects [55,[58][59][60][73][74][75][76]. The green fluorescence of the confocal images inside the cells confirms the fCNx uptake, a phenomenon that can be used for optical stimulation of CNTs inside living cells to afford multifunctional biological transporters of CNTs.…”

Fullerene as a doxorubicin nanotransporter for targeted breast cancer therapy: Capillary electrophoresis analysis

“…The mean hydrodynamic diameter by DLS includes several solvent layers, resulting in the larger particle size than that found by SEM . The size of nanoparticles can influence the cellular uptake, and due to their tendency to form clusters in solution, the size of nanoparticles can also increase .…”

“…Fullerenes do not provide any significant absorption maximum (orange line); the blue line is the absorbance signal of the DOX alone (at a concentration of 10 μM).Surface charges are strictly related to biological features of the nanoparticles, e.g., solubility, stability, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity. The charge response between particles and cells is an important basis for their biological performance . The physical stability of a nanoparticle system is one of the most important desired product characteristics .…”

Pilot study on biocompatibility of fluorescent nanodiamond-(NV)-Z~800 particles in rats: safety, pharmacokinetics, and bio-distribution (part III)

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Certain strains of NDP, such as the fluorescent NDP (FNDP), have been prospected for multiple medical diagnostic tests, drug delivery vehicles, imaging biomarkers, cell tracking, and translational biomarkers. [6][7][8][9][10] The highly diverse options available for chemical modifications of NDP enable co-junction with materials that offer opportunities for imaging targeted pathologies such as tumors 11,12 or blood clots. 13 NDP are also being extensively studied as carriers of pharmacological agents for delivery of cytotoxic chemicals into drug-resistant tumors.…”