Effects of macroalgae Gracilaria lemaneiformis and Saccharina japonica on growth and gonadal development of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius: New insights into the aquaculture management in southern China

Hu, Fangyuan; Jia, Luo; Yang, Mingfang; Sun, Jiangnan; Leng, Xiaofei; Liu, Mingtai; Liao, X; Jiang, Song; Chang, Yaqing; Zhao, Chong

doi:10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100399

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Six species of sea urchins are harvested in the sole Japan, S. intermedius and M. nudus accounting for 80% of total landings in the northern regions. S. intermedius is a well‐regarded species in oriental fisheries and aquaculture production systems (particularly in Hokkaido Island; Hu et al., 2020) and can be found in both intertidal and subtidal rocky shores (mostly between 0 and 15 m) along Asia's eastern coasts: primarily in the Okhotsk Sea, in Japan Sea and Japanese Pacific coast. Over the last decade, the species has also been successfully introduced from Japan into Chinese waters, becoming an important resource for the local aquaculture industry (Lawrence et al., 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding the way by which warming and acidification may affect the life cycle of marine organisms is essential to assess the future of marine ecosystems and the services they provide. Nevertheless, other environmental changes must also be taken into account in order to provide a more complete overview of coming changes, like hypoxia, freshwater inputs and primary production turnover (Castilla‐Gavilán et al., 2018; Hu et al., 2020; Shen et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How ocean warming and acidification affect the life cycle of six worldwide commercialised sea urchin species: A review

Olivier

Chauvaud

Tremblay

2023

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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Ongoing global changes are expected to affect the worldwide production of many fisheries and aquaculture systems. Because invertebrates represent a relevant industry, it is crucial to anticipate challenges that are resulting from the current environmental alterations. In this review, we rely on the estimated physiological limits of six commercialised species of sea urchins (Loxechinus albus, Mesocentrotus franciscanus, Paracentrotus lividus, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, Strongylocentrotus intermedius and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) to define the vulnerability (or resilience) of their populations facing ocean warming and acidification (OW&A). Considering that coastal systems do not change uniformly and that the populations’ response to stressors varies depending on their origin, we investigate the effects of OW&A by including studies that estimate future environmental mutations within their distribution areas. Cross‐referencing 79 studies, we find that several sea urchin populations are potentially vulnerable to the predicted OW&A as environmental conditions in certain regions are expected to shift beyond their estimated physiological limit of tolerance. Specifically, while upper thermal thresholds seem to be respected for L. albus along the SW American coast, M. franciscanus and S. purpuratus southern populations appear to be vulnerable in NW America. Moreover, as a result of the strong warming expected in the Arctic and sub‐Arctic regions, the local productivity of S. droebachiensis is also potentially largely affected. Finally, populations of S. intermedius and P. lividus found in northern Japan and eastern Mediterranean respectively, are supposed to decline due to large environmental changes brought about by OW&A. This review highlights the status and the potential of local adaptation of a number of sea urchin populations in response to changing environmental conditions, revealing possible future challenges for various local fishing industries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How ocean warming and acidification affect the life cycle of six worldwide commercialised sea urchin species: A review

Olivier

Chauvaud

Tremblay

2023

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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“…Protein-rich algae, such as S . japonica 41 and Undaria pinnatifido 42 , are the common diets for S. intermedius aquaculture 1 . Therefore, multi-layer culture significantly avoids the negative variation of intestinal histology and improves the pepsin activity, thus probably leads to better digestion of these foods in sea urchins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of eliminating interactions in multi-layer culture on survival, food utilization and growth of small sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius at high temperatures

Chi

Yang

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Poor growth and disease transmission of small sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius in summer greatly hamper the production efficiency of the longline culture. Reducing the adverse effects of high stocking density while maintaining high biomass is essential to address these problems. Here, we conducted a laboratory experiment to simulate the multi-layer culture for sea urchins at ambient high temperatures (from 22.2 to 24.5 °C) in summer for ~ 7 weeks. Survival, body size, lantern growth, gut weight, food consumption, Aristotle's lantern reflex, 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration, pepsin activity and gut morphology were subsequently evaluated. The present study found that multi-layer culture led to significantly larger body size than those without multi-layer culture (the control group). This was probably because of the greater feeding capacity (indicated by lantern growth and Aristotle's lantern reflex) and food digestion (indicated by morphology and pepsin activity of gut) in the multi-layer cultured sea urchins. These results indicate that multi-layer is an effective approach to improving the growth efficiency of sea urchins at high temperatures. We assessed whether eliminating interaction further improve these commercially important traits of sea urchins in multi-layer culture. This study found that eliminating interactions displayed greater body size and Aristotle's lantern reflex than those not separated in the multi-layer culture. This approach also significantly reduced the morbidity compared with the control group. These novel findings indicate that eliminating interactions in multi-layer culture greatly contributes to the growth and disease prevention of sea urchins at high temperatures. The present study establishes a new technique for the longline culture of sea urchins in summer and provides valuable information into the longline culture management of other commercially important species (e.g. scallops, abalones and oysters).

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“…It is not essential for small sea urchins to develop gametes, but more appropriate for somatic growth in aquaculture 34 . Gonadal precocity greatly consumes the stored energy and consequently leads to poor somatic growth 35 , 36 and probable mortality of sea urchins. Dietary protein is the basis of gonadal developments of sea urchins 35 , 37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the brown algae Sargassum horneri and Saccharina japonica on survival, growth and resistance of small sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius

Yang

Ding

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Mass mortality of the long line culture of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius in summer, which is greatly associated with their disease, energy storage and resistant abilities, is the most serious problem for the development of the aquaculture. Here, a feeding experiment was conducted for ~ 9 weeks to investigate the survival, growth and gonadal development of small S . intermedius (~ 3 cm) fed either brown algae Sargassum horneri or Saccharina japonica . Subsequently, we assessed their resistant abilities via observing the behaviors of righting, tube feet extension and Aristotle's lantern reflex at both moderately elevated and acutely changed water temperatures. Sea urchins fed S . horneri showed significantly fewer diseased individuals and slower gonadal development than those fed S . japonica . Consistently, significantly greater Aristotle's lantern reflex occurred in sea urchins fed S . horneri at moderately elevated temperatures. These findings suggest that S . horneri has direct application potential as food for the long line culture of S . intermedius in summer because of the advantage in health, energy storage (avoid the energy loss caused by gonadal development at small body sizes) and resistance abilities. In comparison, sea urchins fed S . japonica outperformed those fed S . horneri for all experimental behaviors under the acutely changed water temperatures. These findings clearly suggest that S . intermedius fed S . japonica is more suitable for the areas with cold water mass in summer, because it can effectively avoid or reduce the negative impacts of acute changes of water temperature on sea urchins. The present study provides valuable information into the management of the long line culture of S . intermedius in summer.

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Effects of macroalgae Gracilaria lemaneiformis and Saccharina japonica on growth and gonadal development of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius: New insights into the aquaculture management in southern China

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

How ocean warming and acidification affect the life cycle of six worldwide commercialised sea urchin species: A review

How ocean warming and acidification affect the life cycle of six worldwide commercialised sea urchin species: A review

Effects of eliminating interactions in multi-layer culture on survival, food utilization and growth of small sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius at high temperatures

Effects of the brown algae Sargassum horneri and Saccharina japonica on survival, growth and resistance of small sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius

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