Effects of lysophospholipid supplementation to lower nutrient diets on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and blood metabolites in broiler chickens

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of dietary lysophospholipid (LPL) supplementation on low-energy, crude protein, and selected amino acids on growth performance, intestinal morphology, blood metabolites, inflammatory response, and carcass traits in broiler chickens. A total of 300 one-day-old male chicks (Ross 308) were assigned to 5 treatments, with 6 replications of 10 birds each in a completely randomized design. The 5 treatments were: positive control (PC) without LPL supplementation and adequate in all nutrients, negative control (NC) without LPL, and reduced 150 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy and reduced 5 to 6% of crude protein and selected amino acids including Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp in a calculated amount relative to the PC, NC + 0.05% LPL (LPL05), NC + 0.10% LPL (LPL10), and NC + 0.15% LPL (LPL15). Feeding LPL linearly improved growth performance, feed conversion ratio, ether extract, and protein digestibility. LPL supplementation on low-energy and nitrogenous diets showed significant enhancements in metabolic profiles of blood glucose, protein utilization, and immune system functions. These improvements influenced carcass composition, especially in relative weights of pancreas and breast muscle. In contrast, LPL addition showed no significant effects on relative weights of immune organs, gizzard, and abdominal fat. The NC birds were more susceptible to inflammation via modulating the secretion of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and increasing crypt depth in the jejunal and duodenal segments. However, the inclusion of 0.05% LPL to the NC diet could alleviate inflammation with increased jejunal villi height, ratio of villi height to crypt depth, and decreased IL-1 level. Overall, LPL promotes growth performance, nutrient utilization, gut health, anti-inflammation, and muscle yields when applied to diets of broiler chickens with lower levels of energy, crude protein, and selected amino acids.

Use of emulsifier and lipase in feeds for broiler chickens

“…However, the data of the present study are not in agreement with those of Raju et al (2011) and Boontiam et al (2016), who observed an increase in pancreatic weight when birds were fed with exogenous emulsifier, and the increase in relative body weight, according to the authors, might be indicative of increased digestion and lipid absorption.…”

“…The results show that a decrease in energy levels during the growing cycle negatively affected weight gain and the feed conversion of broilers, possibly due to a lower CME. In the same way, Boontiam et al (2016), when evaluating two metabolisable energy programmes (mean: 2875, 3000, and 3050 and high: 3025, 3150, and 3200 Kcal kg -1 , for phases 1 to 7, 8 to 21, and 22 to 35 days, respectively) reported lower weight gain at the end of the growing cycle in birds fed diets containing the lowest levels of metabolisable energy. These results also suggest that modern broiler chickens are less efficient at regulating feed intake according to the metabolisable energy level with increasing age.…”

Nutritional and physiological responses of broiler chickens to dietary supplementation with de-oiled soyabean lecithin at different metabolisable energy levels and various fat sources

“…Furthermore, supplementation of a rice-bran-derived lysolecithin increased fat digestibility and improved growth performance of broiler chickens (16) . The advantages of dietary supplementation with lysophospholipid for improving lowenergy and low-nitrogenous diets were also recently observed in a study by Boontiam et al (17) . Similarly, Siyal et al (18) confirmed an increased digestibility of energy due to soyabean lecithin utilisation in the broiler chicken diets, which could be an effective strategy to decrease dietary ME levels.…”

“…Previous studies showed different results due to the addition of emulsifier supplementation to animal diet. For example, Boontiam et al (17) reported that the VH, CD and VH:CD ratio in the broiler jejunum were improved as the result of supplementation with lysophospholipid (0•5, 1 and 1•5 g/kg); but with respect to the duodenal morphology, only CD was decreased by lysophospholipid. Alzawqari et al (19) also showed linear increases in VH, VSA and VH:CD ratio in the jejunum and ileum, but no morphological changes in the duodenum by feeding desiccated ox bile to broilers.…”

Effect of Dietary Oil Rich in Docosahexaenoic Acid-Bound Lysophosphatidylcholine Prepared from Fishery By-Products on Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition in Rat Liver and Brain

“…In this study, partial hydrolysis using lipase from R. oryzae was performed to cleave off the FA moiety bound at the sn-1 position of the squid crude PL. In recent years, the sn-1 and sn-2 positional isomers of LPC and the molecular species of PL has been analyzed by using 31 P NMR 27 . Further studies are necessary to confirm the ratio of sn-1 and sn-2 position isomers of LPC in the DHA-LPC rich oil.…”