Effects of lysine biomass supplementation on growth performance and clinical indicators in broiler chickens

Abstract

Production of crystalline amino acids ( AA ) through microbial fermentation concomitantly provides an AA-enriched biomass that may serve as a cost-effective supplement for broiler chickens. We investigated the effects of feeding a fermentation biomass product containing approximately 62% Lys on growth performance, organ growth, and clinical outcomes of broilers. Beginning at 2 d post-hatch, a total of 360 Ross 308 chicks were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments provided to 12 replicate cages of 6 birds. Practical corn-soybean meal-based dietary treatments included: negative control ( NC ; no supplementation of L-Lys, 1.01 and 0.86% standardized ileal digestible Lys in starter and grower phases, respectively), NC + 0.23% L-Lys HCl (positive control; PC ), and NC supplemented with 0.30, 0.90, or 1.50% Lys biomass ( LB ) in both phases. Feed and water were provided ad libitum throughout the study. Individual bird and feeder weights were recorded on study day 0, 10, 21, and 35. At study conclusion, birds from each treatment were randomly selected to collect blood and tissue samples. The PC and 0.30% LB diets elicited similar overall (day 0–35) body weight gain and birds were heavier ( P < 0.001) than the NC and other LB treatments. The PC, 0.30% LB, and 0.90% LB groups had better ( P < 0.001) overall feed conversion ratio than NC. Some LB-supplemented treatments elicited increased ( P < 0.001) relative spleen and ileum weight compared with NC and PC. Heterophils were increased ( P < 0.001) in LB treatments compared with PC and NC. Lymphocytes were decreased ( P < 0.001) in LB treatments compared with NC, and 1.50% LB was similar to PC. This resulted in an increased ( P < 0.001) heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in some LB treatments, which may have resulted from general AA supplementation or the LB product. Collectively, these results suggest that addition of up to 0.30% LB restored growth performance when added to a Lys-deficient practical diet and elicited results identical to the Lys-adequate PC diet with no negative clinical effects.

Effect of Feeding Diets Supplemented with Varying Levels of Amino Acids on Productive and Physiological Performance of Local Chicken Breed Al-Salam

“…Hussain et al, (2018) demonstrated that a 1.30% digestible Lys level regimen with an optimal amino acid ratio may be employed to boost early development in native Aseel chickens. Jespersen et al, (2021) stated that 0.30% lysine biomass (LB) meals produced comparable overall (0-35 days body weight growth, and birds were heavier (P<0.001) than the other LB treatments. Pirzado et al, (2021) found that 12g/kg lysine levels in diet resulted in greater body weight increase.…”

“…According to Jespersen et al (2021), the 0.30% lysine biomass (LB) and 0.90% LB groups showed a higher (P≤0.001) total FCR than the negative control (NC). Pirzado et al, (2021) demonstrated that a lysine content of 12g/kg in diet enhanced feed efficiency (FE).…”

“…In Lys groups it could be observed that group 3 had LBW considerably (P≤0.05) greater in comparison to other groups despite the fact that there were no significant differences in lysine levels groups in carcass %, organs % decreased significantly (P≤0.05) in lysine levels groups. Jespersen et al, (2021) when compared to the negative control (NC) group, birds given 0.30% lysine biomass (LB) meals had higher (P, 0.05) absolute weights of liver, spleen, gizzard, pancreas, and ileum, as well as higher (P ≤0.001) splenic relative weights. Pirzado et al, (2016) showed that 12g/kg lysine level in feed improved high carcass yield of broilers.…”

Impacts of Dietary Lysine and Crude Protein on Performance, Hepatic and Renal Functions, Biochemical Parameters, and Histomorphology of Small Intestine, Liver, and Kidney in Broiler Chickens

“…Bouyeh [ 41 ] reported a reduction in weight gain when feeding broiler chickens with a Lys content that was 40% greater than the NRC recommendation (1.54% and 1.40% during the starter and growing periods, respectively). Recently, Jespersen et al [ 42 ] observed that doubling the Lys content at 2.13% and 1.95% in the starter and grower diets compared to the NRC recommendation slowed the growth rate of broiler chickens. They attributed this decrease in the growth performance of those birds to a deficiency of arginine [ 42 ].…”

Different amino acid supplementation patterns in low-protein diets on growth performance and nitrogen metabolism of goslings from 1 to 28 days of age

“…In the present study, serum proline and lysine were lowest in the LPR group, consistently lower than in the LPM group. The lower serum proline and lysine may explain why the growth performance was the weakest in the LPR group since lysine ( Jespersen et al, 2021 ) is vital in promoting poultry growth ( Lee et al, 2020 ). Our data demonstrated that the proline might be essential in promoting growth in goslings fed with low-protein diets.…”