Effects of low temperatures and fasting on hematology and plasma composition of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Sala-Rabanal, M.; Sánchez, J.; Ibarz, Antoni; Fernández-Borràs, Jaume; Blasco, Josefina; Gallardo, M.A.

doi:10.1023/b:fish.0000035904.16686.b6

Cited by 84 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The result is partially similar to that reported in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) (Sala-Rabanal et al, 2003). However, WBCs count was reported to be declined in burbot fish (Lota lota) (Smirnova, 1965), Rainbow trout (O. mykiss) (Kawatsa, 1966), European eel (Anguilla anguilla) (Johansson-Sjobeck et al, 1975) and in juvenile Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) and Beluga sturgeon (Huso huso) (Morshedi et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Insight into The Role of Alternative Starvation-Refeeding Regime in Oreochromis niloticus Fingerlings Performance

Moustafa¹,

El‐Kader²,

El‐Habashi³

et al. 2017

AJVS

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Key words:Aeromonas hydrophila, Fingerlings, Oreochromis niloticus, Refeeding, Starvation Knowledge of how fish respond to starvation periods could provide a basis for improved nutrition, rearing, disease control and thereby help to optimize Oreochromis niloticus culture. In the current study, the effect of alternative starvation-refeeding regime was monitored on some growth, hematological and serum biochemical parameters in Nile tilapia fingerlings; followed by checking the role of these feeding schedules in combating the disease challenge. The study was performed in glass aquariums at the aquaculture research unit, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt using 375 Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings weighing 29±0.5 gram. Fingerlings were subjected to different starvation periods (7, 10, 14, 21 days), followed by 30 days of refeeding on a commercial fish ration (25% protein). Fish growth parameters, hematological and serum biochemical parameters were recorded before starvation, before refeeding and after 30 days of refeeding. The experimental challenge was carried out to determine the effect of different starvation intervals followed by refeeding regimes on the immunity of O. niloticus fingerlings; against bacterial infection with Aeromonas hydrophila through recording mortality rates and the histopathological finding.The collected results revealed that fingerlings can recover all the hematological and serum biochemical parameter values of all food deprived groups close to the normal level of full-fed control fish; concluding that O. niloticus can easily be cultured on suitable economic short-time feeding regime with subsequent refeeding in alternate days without any significant differences in fish size and final production (reducing the food amount and cost required for production cycle). Besides, short-term starvation prior to a bacterial infection followed by subsequent refeeding could promote the defense mechanism of the fish to fight against Aeromonas hydrophila.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Insight into The Role of Alternative Starvation-Refeeding Regime in Oreochromis niloticus Fingerlings Performance

Moustafa¹,

El‐Kader²,

El‐Habashi³

et al. 2017

AJVS

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“…Plasma glucose concentration was determined by the glucose oxidase colorimetric method (GLUCOFIX; Menarini Diagnostics, Firenze, Italy) (15,29), and plasma FFAs were analyzed with the use of a commercial enzymatic method (NEFA-C, Wako Test). We measured plasma insulin levels by radioimmunoassay using bonito insulin as standard and a rabbit anti-bonito insulin as antiserum (11).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional and hormonal control of lipolysis in isolated gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) adipocytes

Albalat¹,

Gómez‐Requeni²,

Rojas³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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-We examined the effects of diet composition and fasting on lipolysis of freshly isolated adipocytes from gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). We also analyzed the effects of insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone (GH) in adipocytes isolated from fish fed with different diets. Basal lipolysis, measured as glycerol release, increased proportionally with cell concentration and time of incubation, which validates the suitability of these cell preparations for the study of hormonal regulation of this metabolic process. Gilthead seabream were fed two different diets, FM (100% of fish meal) and PP (100% of plant protein supplied by plant sources) for 6 wk. After this period, each diet group was divided into two groups: fed and fasted (for 11 days). Lipolysis was significantly higher in adipocytes from PP-fed fish than in adipocytes from FM-fed fish. Fasting provoked a significant increase in the lipolytic rate, about threefold in isolated adipocytes regardless of nutritional history. Hormone effects were similar in the different groups: glucagon increased the lipolytic rate, whereas insulin had almost no effect. GH was clearly lipolytic, although the relative increase in glycerol over control was lower in isolated adipocytes from fasted fish compared with fed fish. Together, we demonstrate for the first time that lipolysis, measured in isolated seabream adipocytes, is affected by the nutritional state of the fish. Furthermore, our data suggest that glucagon and especially GH play a major role in the control of adipocyte lipolysis.fish; nutritional and hormonal regulation; insulin; glucagon; growth hormone; fasting ADIPOSE TISSUE PLAYS A CENTRAL role in energy homeostasis in storing lipids in the form of triacylglycerols and in mobilizing them via breakdown into free fatty acids (FFAs) and glycerol (34). Adipose tissue is one of the most important lipid stores in several teleosts, although in some species liver or muscle also constitutes lipid storage organs (33). In salmonids, adipose tissue is distributed primarily in the abdominal cavity, associated with the mesenteric and pyloric ceca (31). In gilthead seabream, adipose tissue is also located periviscerally. It is known that fish adiposity changes seasonally and is affected by trophic status. High-fat feeds can lead to increases in visceral fat (4), resulting in reduced product yield and quality of cultured fish (7). In gilthead seabream, replacing fish meal with plant protein seems to alter lipid metabolism and results in smaller fat depots (10).Endocrine control of adipose tissue mobilization and storage remains almost unexplored in fish, although insulin and glucagon are clearly involved (12,24,28). Key hepatic enzymes in lipid metabolism such as hepatic lipase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase are also regulated by pancreatic hormones in vitro in isolated hepatocytes or in vivo in injected fish (13,21). Several in vivo studies suggest that growth hormone (GH) and somatolactin act together, in a complementary way, to regulate fat stores in gilthead seabream (4, 20). Howev...

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“…Previous studies have revealed that cold water challenge in gilthead sea bream caused an imbalance in plasma ions, most notably a reduction in plasma calcium, sodium and potassium levels Rotllant et al, 2000;Sala-Rabanal et al, 2003;Vargas-Chacoff et al, 2009), and a significant increase in osmolality in juvenile turbot (Scopthalmus maximus; Imsland et al, 2003) and in tilapia hybrids (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. urolepis hornorum; Sardella et al, 2004). The modified plasma ion profile in cold-challenged sea bream has been linked to a change in their osmoregulatory capacity resulting from a change in the morphology of the gill epithelium and a drastic reduction in gill, intestine and kidney Na + /K + -ATPase activity (Ibarz et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Thermal Challenge and Plasma Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A reduction in food intake (Rotllant et al, 2000;Tort et al, 2004) or starvation (Ibarz et al, , 2005(Ibarz et al, , 2007 occurs and fish affected by winter syndrome become lethargic. Immunocompetence is also severely depressed (Berthe et al, 1995;Doménech et al, 1997;Tort et al, 1998;Vargas-Chacoff et al, 2009), osmoregulatory capacity is impaired (Ibarz et al, 2010a), and histopathological changes occur in the liver, exocrine pancreas, digestive tract and muscle Ibarz et al, 2010a, b;Sala-Rabanal et al, 2003). Despite the efforts to understand how fish cope with winter syndrome and the mechanisms underlying this disease, no consideration has been given to how variation in water temperature during early ontogeny might modulate the response of fish to environmental stressors in adult life, specifically to a cold water challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal imprinting modifies bone homeostasis in cold challenged sea bream (Sparus aurata, L.)

Mateus

Costa

Gisbert

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Fish are ectotherms and temperature plays a determinant role in their physiology, biology and ecology, and is a driver of seasonal responses. The present study assessed how thermal imprinting during embryonic and larval stages modified the response of adult fish to low water temperature. We targeted the gilthead sea bream, which develops a condition known as winter syndrome when it is exposed to low water temperatures. Eggs and larvae of sea bream were exposed to four different thermal regimes and then the response of the resulting adults to a low temperature challenge was assessed. Sea bream exposed to a high-low thermal regime as eggs and larvae (HLT; 22°C until hatch and then 18°C until larvae-juvenile transition) had increased plasma cortisol and lower sodium and potassium in response to a cold challenge compared with the other thermal history groups. Plasma glucose and osmolality were increased in coldchallenged HLT fish relative to the unchallenged HLT fish. Cold challenge modified bone homeostasis/responsiveness in the lowhigh thermal regime group (LHT) relative to other groups, and ocn, ogn1/2, igf1, gr and trα/β transcripts were all downregulated. In the low temperature group (LT) and HLT group challenged with a low temperature, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activities were decreased relative to unchallenged groups, and bone calcium content also decreased in the LT group. Overall, the results indicate that thermal imprinting during early development of sea bream causes a change in the physiological response of adults to a cold challenge.

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Effects of low temperatures and fasting on hematology and plasma composition of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Cited by 84 publications

References 38 publications

Insight into The Role of Alternative Starvation-Refeeding Regime in Oreochromis niloticus Fingerlings Performance

Insight into The Role of Alternative Starvation-Refeeding Regime in Oreochromis niloticus Fingerlings Performance

Nutritional and hormonal control of lipolysis in isolated gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) adipocytes

Thermal imprinting modifies bone homeostasis in cold challenged sea bream (Sparus aurata, L.)

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