Effects of low protein intake on protein metabolism of Papua New Guinea highlanders studied with (15N)glycine.

Oi, Yuriko; Okuda, Toyoko; Fujita, Yoshiaki; Rikimaru, Toru; Miyatani, Shuichi; Kajiwara, Naemi; Alpers, Michael P.; Heywood, Peter; Koishi, Hideo

doi:10.3177/jnsv.34.353

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

1988

DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.34.353

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Effects of low protein intake on protein metabolism of Papua New Guinea highlanders studied with (15N)glycine.

Yuriko Oi

Toyoko Okuda

Yoshiaki Fujita

et al.

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1992

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Cited by 2 publications

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Dietary and nutrient intakes of 25 Ningerum (New Guinea) adult males at two times of the year

Ulijaszek

1992

American J Hum Biol

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In nutritional studies of traditional societies, it is often assumed that dietary intakes are sufficiently homogeneous for dietary studies of short duration to be adequate for accurate assessment of group nutrient intake. The present study examines this assumption by considering food and nutrient intakes of 25 adult males in rural Papua New Guinea (PNG). Five-day weighed dietary intakes were carried out on each individual twice, with a 6-month interval between measurements. The two measurements corresponded to the times of year when the climate was wet and wetter. Energy intakes, at 167 and 169 kJ/kg body weight, were within the range of values reported by other authors for adult males in PNG. Intakes of protein, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and calcium were low, while intakes of iron and vitamins A and C were above WHO (FAO/WHO, 1974) recommended daily allowances. Energy and nutrient intakes did not vary between the two times of year, with two exceptions: vitamin C and iron. Intakes of foods and food types varied between wet and wetter times, however. Within- and between-subject coefficients of variation of intakes of energy and six nutrients were used to calculate sample sizes needed to obtain estimates of group intakes at different levels of reliability and number of days of dietary measurement. This varied with the nutrient under consideration and the time of year. At a given level of reliability, accurate estimates of carbohydrate intake could be obtained with smaller sample sizes and/or number of days of observation than for energy, protein, and vitamin C intakes. Longer periods or larger samples would have been needed for the estimation of group vitamin A, fat, and calcium intakes. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Dietary and nutrient intakes of 25 Ningerum (New Guinea) adult males at two times of the year

Ulijaszek

1992

American J Hum Biol

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Mechanisms and nutritional significance of metabolic responses to altered intakes of protein and amino acids, with reference to nutritional adaptation in humans

Young

Marchini

1990

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

189

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Altered intakes of protein and amino acids modulate the rates of the major systems (protein synthesis, protein degradation, and amino acid oxidation) responsible for the maintenance of organ and whole-body protein and amino acid homeostasis. The cellular mechanisms responsible for such changes at low intakes are discussed. For oxidation amino acid availability is a primary determinant and protein synthesis is affected particularly at the initiation phase. Much remains to be learned about amino acid-dependent changes in mRNA synthesis, processing, turnover, and translation. The relationships between protein and amino acid intake and components of whole-body protein and amino acid kinetics are considered with reference to nutritional adaptation and accommodation. The limit of adaptation to protein intake cannot be lowered substantially beyond that for healthy adults whose habitual protein intake is generous. Metabolic control theory should be considered in the interpretation of results of studies dealing with amino acid requirement estimations.

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Effects of low protein intake on protein metabolism of Papua New Guinea highlanders studied with (15N)glycine.

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Dietary and nutrient intakes of 25 Ningerum (New Guinea) adult males at two times of the year

Dietary and nutrient intakes of 25 Ningerum (New Guinea) adult males at two times of the year

Mechanisms and nutritional significance of metabolic responses to altered intakes of protein and amino acids, with reference to nutritional adaptation in humans

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