Effects of low-level light therapy on xerostomia related to hyposalivation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

Golež, Aljaž; Frangez, Igor; Cankar, Ksenija; Frangež, Helena Ban; Ovsenik, Maja; Németh, L

doi:10.1007/s10103-021-03392-0

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In this respect, extraoral irradiation over the gland itself is considered to be more effective than exclusively intraoral administration [ 14 ]. In previous biostimulation studies of the sublingual glands, a wavelength of 660 nm was the most widely used setting, though a number of authors used longer wavelengths, particularly for the biostimulation of glands at the extraoral level (780–904 nm) [ 14 , 29 , 30 ]. We used the same wavelength as Campos-Louzeiro et al in their study published in 2020 (810 nm) [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photobiomodulation (PBM), known as Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), is the application of laser or LED to beneficially influence the cellular metabolism. It is a non-thermal and safe treatment [ 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, PBM stimulates the enzyme cytochrome C oxidase within the mitochondria, resulting in the activation of cell signaling pathways [ 12 ]. The end effects are accelerated cell metabolism and an increased production of ATP as a useful energy source, with improved cell biochemistry and photochemical processes—resulting in improved cell viability and faster wound healing, as well as anti-inflammatory effects [ 13 , 14 ]. The advantages of PBM that are known thus far include improved epithelial cell mitosis, an increase in salivary ducts, and the stimulation of protein synthesis in submandibular glands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These authors recorded a significant improvement in terms of salivary production in the group of patients with hyposalivation. Few studies have been published to date on the application of PBM to the salivary glands [ 14 , 18 , 19 ], and there is great variability among them due to the very different protocols involved—making comparisons difficult and sometimes even yielding contradictory findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of Photobiomodulation in Reducing Symptomatology and Improving the Quality of Life in Patients with Xerostomia and Hyposalivation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ferrández-Pujante

Pons-Fuster

López‐Jornet

2022

JCM

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Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) treatment in patients with xerostomia and hyposalivation and assess their quality of life over a one year of follow-up. Material and methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial. A total of 60 patients with xerostomia were included (30 PBM cases and 30 placebo controls). Photobiomodulation was performed with a diode laser (810 nm, 6 J/cm2), while the controls underwent simulated treatment. One weekly session was carried out for a total of 6 weeks (total six sessions). The study parameters were recorded at baseline, after three and six weeks, and at one year post-treatment. Xerostomia was assessed using a salivary flow visual analog scale (VAS) and the Xerostomia Inventory (XI). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale, Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were also administered. Results: The patients subjected to PBM therapy showed a significant improvement of xerostomia based on the drainage test, and of oral quality of life (p < 0.001). The depression score of the HAD (HAD-D) and the ESS showed improvement, though without reaching statistical significance (p > 0.05). The placebo group showed significant changes in the xerostomia VAS score at 6 weeks (p = 0.009), with no variations in any of the other studied parameters (p > 0.05). The beneficial effects of the diode laser in the PBM group persisted at one year post-treatment. Conclusions: Photobiomodulation with the diode laser is effective in patients with xerostomia and hyposalivation, and thus should be taken into account as a treatment option.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of Photobiomodulation in Reducing Symptomatology and Improving the Quality of Life in Patients with Xerostomia and Hyposalivation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ferrández-Pujante

Pons-Fuster

López‐Jornet

2022

JCM

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“…In the elderly, hyposalivation is common due to impaired taste‐ and smell receptors, caused by aging and possible side effects from medication (Diep et al., 2021). Symptoms of hyposalivation may include dry mouth, discomfort, inadequate nutrition resulting from loss of taste, pain, and a decline in dental health (Golež et al., 2021). Umami is shown to stimulate long‐lasting saliva secretion, appetite during consumption, postingestive satiety, and overall improved health and weight (Masic & Yeomans, 2014; Uneyama et al., 2009).…”

Section: Umami and Healthy Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular insights into human taste perception and umami tastants: A review

Diepeveen

Moerdijk-Poortvliet

Leij

2022

Journal of Food Science

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Understanding taste is key for optimizing the palatability of seaweeds and other non‐animal‐based foods rich in protein. The lingual papillae in the mouth hold taste buds with taste receptors for the five gustatory taste qualities. Each taste bud contains three distinct cell types, of which Type II cells carry various G protein‐coupled receptors that can detect sweet, bitter, or umami tastants, while type III cells detect sour, and likely salty stimuli. Upon ligand binding, receptor‐linked intracellular heterotrimeric G proteins initiate a cascade of downstream events which activate the afferent nerve fibers for taste perception in the brain. The taste of amino acids depends on the hydrophobicity, size, charge, isoelectric point, chirality of the alpha carbon, and the functional groups on their side chains. The principal umami ingredient monosodium l‐glutamate, broadly known as MSG, loses umami taste upon acetylation, esterification, or methylation, but is able to form flat configurations that bind well to the umami taste receptor. Ribonucleotides such as guanosine monophosphate and inosine monophosphate strongly enhance umami taste when l‐glutamate is present. Ribonucleotides bind to the outer section of the venus flytrap domain of the receptor dimer and stabilize the closed conformation. Concentrations of glutamate, aspartate, arginate, and other compounds in food products may enhance saltiness and overall flavor. Umami ingredients may help to reduce the consumption of salts and fats in the general population and increase food consumption in the elderly.

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Regeneration of taste through sonic hedgehog upregulation by photobiomodulation

Lee

Abueva

Padalhin

et al. 2023

Journal of Biophotonics

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This study investigated photobiomodulation (PBM) effects in Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling as a potential approach to taste preservation and regeneration. Primary taste cell (TC) cultures were treated with Shh antagonist vismodegib and irradiated using a continuous wave type 630 nm light‐emitting diode (10 mW/cm2) array, with single or multiple doses of 30 J/cm2 to determine dose inducing significant upregulation effect. Shh, Ptch, Smo, and Gli1 were significantly upregulated at 120 J/cm2, used as the minimum dose in vivo. Vismodegib was administered via daily oral gavage for 21 days (30 mg/kg) to induce Shh inhibition in the tongue of rat animal models resulting in taste bud damage and taste dysfunction. PBM treatment using a 630 nm laser (3 W/cm2) at a radiant exposure of 120 J/cm2 (24 J/cm2 × 5) successfully upregulated the Shh protein expression, regenerated taste buds, and recovered taste function.

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Effects of low-level light therapy on xerostomia related to hyposalivation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

Cited by 16 publications

References 73 publications

Efficacy of Photobiomodulation in Reducing Symptomatology and Improving the Quality of Life in Patients with Xerostomia and Hyposalivation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Efficacy of Photobiomodulation in Reducing Symptomatology and Improving the Quality of Life in Patients with Xerostomia and Hyposalivation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Molecular insights into human taste perception and umami tastants: A review

Regeneration of taste through sonic hedgehog upregulation by photobiomodulation

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