Effects of low‐level laser therapy on the healing of surgically closed incisions and surgically created open wounds in dogs

Gammel, Jessie E.; Biskup, Jeffery J.; Drum, Marti G.; Newkirk, Kim M.; Lux, Cassie N.

doi:10.1111/vsu.12795

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Such studies have confirmed the correlation between histologic characteristics of wound healing with visual assessment of clinical scar outcome. The information extrapolated from this study, and the Gammel et al (23) study, proves that it is achievable to establish a reliable clinical scar scale using digital photography (23). This high level of correlation therefore indicates that this is a viable method to use when analyzing surgically created wounds treated with ancillary therapy such as PBM induced by laser therapy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The use of digital photography as a valid means to evaluate the efficacy of wound healing using specific treatment modalities is of particular value because it allows for gross patient evaluation and does not necessitate histologic confirmation (3, 21). This method of evaluation has been more specifically explored using porcine burn scars, human skin grafts and a more recent canine laser study (18, 23, 24). Such studies have confirmed the correlation between histologic characteristics of wound healing with visual assessment of clinical scar outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser Therapy for Incision Healing in 9 Dogs

et al. 2019

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Laser therapy is becoming common place in veterinary medicine with little evidence proving efficacy or dosages. This study evaluated surgical wound healing in canines. Twelve Dachshunds underwent thoraco-lumbar hemilaminectomies for intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). Digital photographs were taken of their incisions within 24 h of surgery and 1, 3, 5, 7, and 21 days postoperatively. The first three dogs were used to create a standardized scar scale to score the other dogs' incision healing. The remaining 9 dogs were randomly assigned to either receive 8 J/cm2 laser therapy once a day for 7 days or the non-laser treated control group. Incision healing was scored based on the scar scale from 0 to 5, with zero being a fresh incision and five being completely healed with scar contraction and hair growth. All scar scores significantly improved with increasing time from surgery (<0.001). Good agreement was achieved for inter-rater reliability (p = 0.9). Laser therapy increased the scar scale score, showed improved cosmetic healing, by day seven and continued to be significantly increased on day 21 compared to control dogs (p < 0.001). Daily application of laser therapy at 8J/cm2 hastened wound healing in Dachshunds that received thoracolumbar hemilaminectomies for IVDD. It also improved the cosmetic appearance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Therapy for Incision Healing in 9 Dogs

et al. 2019

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“…In another study, Gammel et al . [ 14 ] reported that irradiation of 980 nm LILT with fluence of 5 J/cm 2 once a day for 5 days did not enhance wound healing of small incisions and uncomplicated wounds in dogs. Recently, in a study by Kennedy et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration depth study of 830 nm low-intensity laser therapy on living dog tissue

et al. 2020

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Background and Aim: Recent studies have shown that low-intensity laser therapy (LILT) enhances chronic wound healing, reduces pain, reduces inflammation, and improves post-operative rehabilitation. However, clinical outcomes in the veterinary use of LILT vary between different experimental studies. This is explained by improper laser parameter settings and limits of its penetration depth. This study aimed to investigate the penetration depth of 830 nm LILT on living dog tissue in different operating modes. This entailed continuous wave (CW) versus pulse wave (PW) and with contact versus non-contact techniques of the laser probe at different tissue-laser probe distances. The results can be applied for use in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four dogs that had undergone abdominal surgery were included in this study. The laser parameters were set at 200 mW, fluence of 4 J/cm2 and the laser power output denoted as mean output power (MOP) was measured by a power meter. Results: The MOP of the 830 nm CW laser was significantly higher than the PW laser (p<0.05). The MOP of the contact technique was significantly greater than that of the non-contact technique in both CW and PW modes (p<0.05). The MOP through the skin tissue was between 16.09 and 18.60 mW (8.05-9.30%) for the contact technique and 8.73 and 19.36 mW (4.37-9.68%) for the non-contact technique. In the muscle-skin layer, the MOP was between 0.50 and 1.56 mW (0.25-0.78%) and the MOP was not detected using the non-contact technique with a 5 cm tissue-laser probe distance. Conclusion: Our study indicates that 830 nm LILT (with laser parameter setting at 200 mW, fluence of 4 J/cm2 for both contact and non-contact techniques, and tissue-laser probe distance up to 5 cm) was appropriate for treatments within 14 mm of depth. However, the use of 830 nm LILT for an application in which the target tissue is deeper than 14 mm may limit its positive effect.

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“…The case report by Lucroy et al (1999) added very little to the weight of evidence and was especially hard to compare to the others as it looked at a chronic wound as opposed to acute wounds. The papers which contributed the most to strengthening the evidence available were by De Braekt et al (1991), Kurach et al (2015), and Gammel et al (2018). All three papers had a good randomised control study design with objective as well as subjective assessment of standardised wounds.…”

Section: Appraisal Application and Reflectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In dogs does low level laser therapy reduce healing time?

Suiter

2020

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An owner has presented a 2-year-old female Labrador for a routine open ovariohysterectomy. The owner is slightly concerned about the wound after surgery, as her previous dog was very distressed with her spay wound. 2 weeks following her previous dogs surgery the wound still looked red and swollen and the dog was required to wear a buster collar the whole time as she would constantly try to lick it. She would like to know if there is anything that could be done differently to speed up wound healing and stop it looking red and swollen. You have recently seen "therapeutic veterinary laser equipment" being advocated for improved wound healing. You want to know if low level laser therapy will improve wound healing in dogs, and thus be a worthwhile investment for the practice. Veterinary Evidence

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Effects of low‐level laser therapy on the healing of surgically closed incisions and surgically created open wounds in dogs

Abstract: Results of this study do not support recommending LLLT to stimulate healing of uncomplicated, small wounds and incisions.

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Laser Therapy for Incision Healing in 9 Dogs

Laser Therapy for Incision Healing in 9 Dogs

Penetration depth study of 830 nm low-intensity laser therapy on living dog tissue

In dogs does low level laser therapy reduce healing time?

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