Effects of low-glycemic-index diets in pregnancy on maternal and newborn outcomes in pregnant women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Zhang, Ru; Han, Shufen; Chen, Guo‐Chong; Li, Zengning; Silva‐Zolezzi, Irma; Parés, Gerard Vinyes; Wang, Yi; Qin, Li–Qiang

doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1306-x

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Controls retained on average 1.62 kg body weight from baseline to 6 months postpartum. In this study, women were advised to adhere to a low glycaemic index diet, in order to prevent repeat macrosomic births, which has been previously evaluated as a promising weight‐control strategy . However, precision estimates of the results of this follow‐up suggest high variability in the PPWR of participating women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do lifestyle interventions during pregnancy have the potential to reduce long‐term postpartum weight retention? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2018

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Reducing postpartum weight retention is a promising strategy for addressing the rising prevalence of overweight and obesity in women. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored whether lifestyle interventions during pregnancy have the potential to reduce weight retention at 4 months postpartum and beyond. A search of five electronic databases for randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of weight-related lifestyle interventions beginning in pregnancy on postpartum weight retention to standard prenatal care groups was performed. Postpartum weight retention data was synthesized in a random-effects meta-analysis. Data from 14 studies of 7116 participants showed that the intervention group retained statistically significant less weight than the control group (weighted mean difference: −0.73 kg, 95% CI: −1.32 to −0.14, P = 0.015). Subgroup analysis showed this effect to be largest in studies with follow-ups from 4 to 6 months (weighted mean difference: −1.32 kg, 95% CI: −2.11 to −0.53, P = 0.001), but it remained significant until 12 months postpartum (weighted mean difference: −0.68 kg, 95% CI: −1.28 to −0.09, P = 0.023). In studies of women with a body mass index above 25.0 kg/m 2 , no significant intervention effect was observed. More high-quality studies with a follow-up beyond 12 months postpartum are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do lifestyle interventions during pregnancy have the potential to reduce long‐term postpartum weight retention? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2018

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“…Most recently, Zhang et al, [67] reviewed the effects of low-GI diets in all pregnant women, both those having healthy pregnancies, at risk for GDM, and those with GDM. In a total of 11 trials involving 1985 women, low-GI diets significantly reduced fasting and two-hour postprandial glucose level.…”

Section: Role Of Dietary Carbohydrates In Gdmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Dietary Carbohydrates in Gestational Diabetes

et al. 2020

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Gestational diabetes (GDM) is hyperglycemia that is recognized for the first time during pregnancy. GDM is associated with a wide range of short- and long-term adverse health consequences for both mother and offspring. It is a complex disease with a multifactorial etiology, with disturbances in glucose, lipid, inflammation and gut microbiota. Consequently, its management is complex, requiring patients to self-manage their diet, lifestyle and self-care behaviors in combination with use of insulin. In addition to nutritional recommendations for all pregnant women, special attention to dietary carbohydrate (CHO) amount and type on glucose levels is especially important in GDM. Dietary CHO are diverse, ranging from simple sugars to longer-chain oligo- and poly- saccharides which have diverse effects on blood glucose, microbial fermentation and bowel function. Studies have established that dietary CHO amount and type can impact maternal glucose and nutritional recommendations advise women with GDM to limit total intake or choose complex and low glycemic CHO. However, robust maternal and infant benefits are not consistently shown. Novel approaches which help women with GDM adhere to dietary recommendations such as diabetes-specific meal replacements (which provide a defined and complete nutritional composition with slowly-digested CHO) and continuous glucose monitors (which provide unlimited monitoring of maternal glycemic fluctuations) have shown benefits on both maternal and neonatal outcomes. Continued research is needed to understand and develop tools to facilitate patient adherence to treatment goals, individualize interventions and improve outcomes.

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“…A recent meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials involving 1985 women has shown that low-GI diets significantly reduce fasting and 2-h postprandial glucose levels, gestational weight gain, birth weight, and the proportion of babies born large for gestational age [61]. On the other hand, the results for body composition of the infant are less clear.…”

Section: Pregnancy Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Low Glycemic Index Prototype Isomaltulose—Update of Clinical Trials

Maresch

Petry

Theis³

et al. 2017

Nutrients

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Low glycemic index diets are supposed to achieve a more beneficial effect on blood glucose control in people with diabetes mellitus and may also provide metabolic benefits for the general population. A prototype of a low-glycemic index carbohydrate is the natural occurring disaccharide isomaltulose that can be commercially produced from sucrose (beet sugar) to industrial scale. It is currently used in various food and drink applications as well as special and clinical nutrition feeds and formula diet as a food ingredient and alternative sugar. Here we provide an overview on clinical trials with isomaltulose including an analysis of its effects on glycemia and fat oxidation as compared to high glycemic index sugars and carbohydrates. In addition, we discuss recent reports on beneficial effects in weight-loss maintenance and pregnancy.

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Effects of low-glycemic-index diets in pregnancy on maternal and newborn outcomes in pregnant women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 57 publications

References 45 publications

Do lifestyle interventions during pregnancy have the potential to reduce long‐term postpartum weight retention? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Do lifestyle interventions during pregnancy have the potential to reduce long‐term postpartum weight retention? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

The Role of Dietary Carbohydrates in Gestational Diabetes

Low Glycemic Index Prototype Isomaltulose—Update of Clinical Trials

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