Effects of low-dose (2 cGy) X-ray on cell-cycle kinetics and on induced mitotic delay in human lymphocyte

Salone, B.; Grillo, R.; Aillaud, Marie-Françoise; Bosi, A.; Olivieri, G.

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(95)00229-4

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…count for radiology technicians (Suvorova et al, 1991;Taradii et al, 1997;Rozgaj et al, 1999). The present study suggests that mitotic index value, that is the proliferation rate of cells entering mitosis, decreases with the effect of X-rays and this suggestion is in agreement with previous findings: Pleskach et al (1990) and Rowley et al (1999) demonstrated radiation's retarding effect on DNA synthesis and (Salone et al, 1996) reported radiation's retarding effect on mitosis. Our finding that lymphocyte life span is shorter in male radiology technicians is supported by a previous study in spite of the use of a different method (Bogen, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Effects of X-rays and cigarette smoking on leukocyte, lymphocyte and mitotic index values and SCE rates: the relationship between mitotic index and lymphocyte count

et al. 2003

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Many previous studies revealed that smoking increases leukocyte and lymphocyte counts while exposure to X-rays decreases these counts. However the relationships between lymphocyte life span and smoking as well as X-rays were not well documented. The primary aim of this study was to determine relationships between smoking X-rays (in combination and individually) and life span of lymphocytes. Blood samples from 200 healthy individuals, half of which were X-ray exposed individuals, were collected. Half of X-ray exposed and of non-X-ray exposed individuals were smokers. There were equal numbers of male and female participants. Two lymphocyte cultures, one for the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) analysis and the other for the determination of mitotic index values were prepared using one part of the blood samples collected from the individuals. From the other part of the blood sample leukocyte and lymphocyte counts were determined with a haemogram device. Evaluation of the findings suggested that leukocyte count, lymphocyte count, mitotic index were relatively lower for the X-ray exposed individuals. In addition these values were higher for smokers than nonsmokers in general. The highest SCE rates were recorded for smoking radiology technicians. The most important finding is that lymphocyte life span is relatively low in smokers and in X-ray exposed males.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Effects of X-rays and cigarette smoking on leukocyte, lymphocyte and mitotic index values and SCE rates: the relationship between mitotic index and lymphocyte count

et al. 2003

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“…Biological effects of low‐dose ionizing radiation have been well characterized previously in vitro . It has been demonstrated that low‐dose radiation can alter gene expression and differential mRNA expression ( Wolff, 1996), induce apoptosis in thymocytes ( Liu et al , 1996 ), modify G2 delay and S phase prolongation, and cause alterations in cell cycle progression, sometimes accompanied by changes in mitotic indices ( Skladowski et al , 1993 ; Salone et al , 1996 ). These effects could also be modified by interaction between sublethal lesions and altered cellular survival probability ( Zaider & Wuu, 1995), myelokaryocyte inhibition ( Iagunov & Tokalov, 1994) and enhanced genetic mutation ( Zetterberg & Grawe, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent leucocyte abnormalities in children years after previous long‐term low‐dose radiation exposure

Chang¹,

Lin²,

Hwang³

et al. 1999

Br J Haematol

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Summary. Two hundred and eighty-nine children who had been educated in a kindergarten during 1983±92 and received continuous low-dose whole body gammairradiation from 60 Co-contaminated steel window frames in their classrooms were investigated for residual effects on their haematological tissues. Another 751 children, sex and age-matched, received similar but much lower exposure in an elementary school with classrooms built with contaminated steel rebars. The peripheral leucocytes of these children were examined 5±7 years after they had stopped using these irradiated classrooms. Children who received higher exposure in the kindergarten were shown to have a signi®cant decrease in total leucocytes and neutrophils and an increase in eosinophils. Moreover, they were shown to be at signi®cantly higher risk of developing relative leucopenia and neutropenia, but not lymphocytopenia, than those who received a lower exposure at the elementary school. Children from the kindergarten who had much higher exposure were shown to have a signi®cant lowering of total leucocytes and neutrophils, and an increase in eosinophils years after exposure. Residual adverse haematological effects on the exposed children are strongly suspected.

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“…Protracted low dose radiation exposure seemed to generate ill-defined complex molecular DNA damage in G 0 lymphocytes which was probably caused by asymmetrical inter-and intra-strand exchanges in the peripheral circulation. Low dose ionizing radiation has been shown to alter gene expression and differential mRNA expression (Wolff, 1996), induce apoptosis in thymocytes (Liu et al, 1996), induce G 2 delay and S phase prolongation and alterations in cell cycle progression (Salone et al, 1996) and/or is accompanied by changes in mitotic indices (Skladowski et al, 1993). These effects could also be modified by interactions between sublethal lesions, further altering cell survival probability (Zaider and Wuu, 1995), and enhanced genetic mutations such as MN formation (Zetterberg and Grawe, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in centromeric and acentromeric micronucleus frequencies in human populations after chronic radiation exposure

et al. 1999

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Acute radiation exposure of humans was observed to induce various forms of cytogenetic damage, including increased frequencies of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations. However, the cytogenetic effects of chronic low dose radiation exposure in vivo needs further characterization. Sixteen subjects with chronic low dose rates of γ-radiation exposure from 60 Co-contaminated steel in radioactive buildings were compared with seven non-exposed reference subjects for micronucleus frequencies after they relocated. By in situ hybridization using a digoxigenin-labeled anti-α all human centromere probe, the exposed subjects were shown to have a significant increase in cytochalasin B-modulated micronucleus (CBMN) frequencies, as well as a significant increase in centromere-positive (C⍣) CBMN, centromere-negative (C-) CBMN, total C⍣signals, single C⍣ MN signals and multiple C⍣ signals/1000 binucleated cells (BN). However, decreases in the ratios C⍣MN/C-MN and C⍣MN/total CBMN (%) were also noted in the exposed subjects. By mixed effects analysis, considering individuals from the same families, the C-MN and single C⍣ MN/ 1000 BN were both positively and moderately associated with previous cumulative exposure. When the time period of relocation post-exposure (relocation time or RT) was considered, total C⍣MN and multiple C⍣MN/1000 BN were negatively and significantly associated with RT. Moreover, the C⍣MN, C-MN, C⍣MN/C-MN ratio and single C⍣MN/1000 BN were all negatively and moderately associated with RT, but not with exposure dose. This suggested that acentromeric and single or multiple centromeric CBMN cytogenetic damage seems to disappear differentially in human subjects post chronic low dose radiation exposure.

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Effects of low-dose (2 cGy) X-ray on cell-cycle kinetics and on induced mitotic delay in human lymphocyte

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of X-rays and cigarette smoking on leukocyte, lymphocyte and mitotic index values and SCE rates: the relationship between mitotic index and lymphocyte count

Effects of X-rays and cigarette smoking on leukocyte, lymphocyte and mitotic index values and SCE rates: the relationship between mitotic index and lymphocyte count

Persistent leucocyte abnormalities in children years after previous long‐term low‐dose radiation exposure

Change in centromeric and acentromeric micronucleus frequencies in human populations after chronic radiation exposure

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