Effects of low concentrations of glyphosate-based herbicide factor 540® on an agricultural stream freshwater phytoplankton community

Smedbol, Élise; Gomes, Marcelo Pedrosa; Paquet, Serge; Labrecque, Michel; Lepage, Laurent; Lucotte, Marc; Juneau, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.128

Cited by 69 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The highest glyphosate concentration they detected in an agricultural watershed was 6 μg/L. Because this concentration is much lower than most concentrations tested in the literature (Pérez et al 2007;Vera et al 2010;Vera et al 2014;Smedbol et al 2018), we chose it as our lowest glyphosate treatment level ( Table 1).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have also shown that some pesticides and metals can alter the function and composition of periphytic communities, based on the assumption that, within biofilms, different species show distinct levels of sensitivity to these contaminants (Schmitt-Jansen and Altenburger 2005;Tlili et al 2010;Lavoie et al 2012). Even if some studies have assessed the effects of glyphosate on periphytic biofilms (Pérez et al 2007;Vera et al 2010;Vera et al 2014; FACETS | 2018 | 3: 934-951 | DOI: 10.1139/facets-2018-0019 935 facetsjournal.com Lozano et al 2018), its impact on community composition has mainly been evaluated through microscopic techniques (Pérez et al 2007;Vera et al 2010;Lozano et al 2018;Smedbol et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age matters: Submersion period shapes community composition of lake biofilms under glyphosate stress

Khadra

Planas

Girard

et al. 2018

FACETS

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The phosphonate herbicide glyphosate, which is the active ingredient in the commercial formulation Roundup®, is currently the most globally used herbicide. In aquatic ecosystems, periphytic biofilms, or periphyton, are at the base of food webs and are often the first communities to be in direct contact with runoff. Microcosm experiments were conducted to assess the effects of a pulse exposure of glyphosate on community composition and chlorophyll a concentrations of lake biofilms at different colonization stages (2 months, 1 year, and 20 years). This is the first study that uses such contrasting submersion periods. Biofilms were exposed to either environmental levels of pure analytical grade glyphosate (6 μg/L, 65 μg/L, and 600 μg/L) or to corresponding phosphorus concentrations. Community composition was determined by deep sequencing of the 18S and 16S rRNA genes to target eukaryotes and cyanobacteria, respectively. The results showed that submersion period was the only significant contributor to community structure. However, at the taxon level, the potentially toxic genus Anabaena was found to increase in relative abundance. We also observed that glyphosate releases phosphorus into the surrounding water, but not in a bioavailable form. The results of this study indicate that environmental concentrations of glyphosate do not seem to impact the community composition or metabolism of lake biofilms under pulse event conditions.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age matters: Submersion period shapes community composition of lake biofilms under glyphosate stress

Khadra

Planas

Girard

et al. 2018

FACETS

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“…Among organisms with life cycle related to water bodies, a glyphosate-based herbicide Factor 540 R at exposures corresponding to glyphosate concentrations of 1-1000 µg/l modified structural and functional properties of freshwater phytoplankton communities (6 algal and 3 cyanobacterial species/strains) living in streams located in agricultural areas, causing a concentration-dependent reduction in chlorophyll-a and carotenoid levels, changes in the algal community structure, reduced diversity, as well as biochemical, and physiological parameters (shikimate content, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase) (Smedbol et al, 2017(Smedbol et al, , 2018. Roundup R was shown to be toxic to the food-borne trematode Echinostoma paraensei developing in given life stages in aquatic hosts (Monte et al, 2016).…”

Section: Registration Of Glyphosate In the European Unionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-registration Challenges of Glyphosate in the European Union

Székacs

Darvas

2018

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…This could also probably explain the differences observed in EC 50 values calculated with fluorescence and cell density (Table 2) In several recent studies (Ochoa-Acuña et al, 2009;Malev et al, 2012;Nagai et al, 2013Nagai and De Schamphelaere, 2016;Nagai, 2017), the toxicity of pesticides towards microalgae was measured using a chlorophyll fluorescence-microplate based assay, similar that performed in this study. However, unlike the present work, none of these studies evaluated the potential bias in growth measurement associated with the alteration of chlorophyll fluorescence and/or content upon exposure of the microalgal cells to the pesticides tested, which is nonetheless thoroughly documented (Prado et al, 2011;Stachowski-Haberkorn et al, 2013;Smedbol et al, 2018).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Most microplate-based assays using microalgae rely on chlorophyll fluorescence measurement as a proxy for algal growth. However, in some cases, it has been demonstrated that certain contaminants, like glyphosate, paraquat or diuron significantly affect chlorophyll content and/or fluorescence (Prado et al, 2011;Stachowski-Haberkorn et al, 2013;Smedbol et al, 2018). Consequently, the use of chlorophyll fluorescence for algal growth measurement in a microplate test system can be biased in potentially different ways depending on the contaminants tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstrating the need for chemical exposure characterisation in a microplate test system: toxicity screening of sixteen pesticides on two marine microalgae

et al. 2019

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Pesticides used in viticulture create a potential risk for the aquatic environment due to drift during application, runoff and soil leaching. The toxicity of sixteen pesticides and one metabolite were evaluated on the growth of two marine microalgae, Tisochrysis lutea and Skeletonema marinoi, in 96-h exposure assays conducted in microplates. For each substance, concentrations of stock solutions were analytically measured and abiotic assays were performed to evaluate the chemical stability of pesticides in microplates. For two chemicals, microalgae exposures were run simultaneously in microplates and culture flasks to compare EC 50 calculated from the two exposure systems. Results from chemical analyses demonstrated the low stability of hydrophobic pesticides (log K OW > 3). For such chemicals, EC 50 values calculated using measured pesticide concentrations were twofold lower than those first estimated using nominal concentrations. Photosystem II inhibitors were the most toxic herbicides, with EC 50 values below 10 μg L −1 for diuron and around double this for isoproturon. Chlorpyrifos-methyl was the only insecticide to significantly affect the growth of T. lutea, with an EC 50 around 400 μg L −1. All fungicides tested were significantly toxic to both species: strobilurins showed low overall toxicity, with EC 50 values around 400 μg L −1 , whereas quinoxyfen, and spiroxamine, showed high toxicity to both species, especially to T. lutea, with an EC 50 below 1 μg L −1 measured for spiroxamine in culture flasks. This study highlights the need to perform chemical analyses for reliable toxicity assessment and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using microplates as a toxicity screening tool. 2 Please note that this is an author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version is available on the publisher Web site. Highlights ► The toxicity of 17 pesticides was tested on two microalgae species. ► A microplate assay was developed for accurate determination of EC 50 values. ► Analytical measurement of exposure concentrations was performed. ► Significant differences between nominal and measured concentrations were found. ► Four herbicides, one insecticide and four fungicides showed significant toxicity.

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Effects of low concentrations of glyphosate-based herbicide factor 540® on an agricultural stream freshwater phytoplankton community

Cited by 69 publications

References 62 publications

Age matters: Submersion period shapes community composition of lake biofilms under glyphosate stress

Age matters: Submersion period shapes community composition of lake biofilms under glyphosate stress

Re-registration Challenges of Glyphosate in the European Union

Demonstrating the need for chemical exposure characterisation in a microplate test system: toxicity screening of sixteen pesticides on two marine microalgae

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