Effects of Lonicera japonica Flower Bud Extract on Citrobacter rodentium-Induced Digestive Tract Infection

Abstract

Background: Although antibiotic therapy is currently a gold standard for bacterial infections, it is not used for severe diseases like enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, in which the Shiga toxin is overproduced by antibiotic action. The Lonicera japonica flower bud (LJF) is an herbal component used against purulent diseases in traditional Japanese and Chinese medicine. We investigated the effects of LJF extract (LJFE) on Citrobacter rodentium-induced digestive tract infection in a mouse model. Methods:Citrobacter rodentium and LJFE were orally administered to C57BL/6 mice. The survival rate and bacterial colonization in the large intestine, mesenteric lymph node, and blood of mice were evaluated. Cytokines secreted from intraperitoneal macrophages of LJFE-treated mice were measured using ELISA. Moreover, the phagocytic activity of intraperitoneal macrophages against Citrobacter rodentium was compared between LJFE- or chlorogenic acid (CGA)-treated mice. Results: LJFE significantly increased the survival rate and decreased Citrobacter rodentium colonization in mice. Moreover, the values of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interferon-γ secreted from macrophages were increased following LJFE treatment. While macrophages of LJFE-treated mice showed a significant phagocytic activity, macrophages of CGA-treated mice only showed a phagocytic tendency. Conclusions: LJF may be useful for treating Citrobacter rodentium-induced digestive tract infection.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Compounds Containing Lonicera japonica, Chrysanthemum morifolium, and Siraitia grosvenorii Inhibits the Growth of Streptococcus mutans

“…Modern medical pharmacological experiments show that Lonicera japonica has broad-spectrum antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and immune-enhancing effects [ 16 ]. Minami et al have found that Lonicera japonica flower bud extract enhances the phagocytic activity of macrophages, increases the survival rate, and reduces Citrobacter rodentium colonization in Citrobacter rodentium -induced digestive tract infection mouse model [ 17 ]. The polysaccharide extracted from Lonicera japonica exerts neuroprotective effect to improve behavioral changes and inhibit neuronal loss in lipopolysaccharide-induced learning and memory impairment mice [ 18 ].…”

Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Chinese Medicinal Herbs: Lonicerae flos, Lonicerae japonicae flos, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, and Forsythia suspensa

“…This is equally essential as silver may pose adverse effects at high concentrations. 45,46 and thus a combination approach can be used to achieve a similar level of killing at low concentrations. Further, upon studying the possible mechanism of the synergistic effect seen, it was delineated that AgNPs caused cell wall lysis and damage to the cell membrane integrity of E coli cells.…”

Potential Application of Lonicera japonica Extracts in Animal Production: From the Perspective of Intestinal Health

“…Modern pharmacological research has confirmed the strong antimicrobial activity of L. japonica in vivo and in vitro (Rhee and Lee, 2011;Xiong et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2016;Minami and Makino, 2020;Yan L. et al, 2020). In vitro study showed that L. japonica has antimicrobial effects such as Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides ovatus, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringenes, Propionebacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli (E. coli; Rhee and Lee, 2011;Xiong et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2016Yang et al, , 2018Yan L. et al, 2020).…”

“…In vitro study showed that L. japonica has antimicrobial effects such as Bacteroides fragilis , Bacteroides ovatus , Clostridium difficile , Clostridium perfringenes , Propionebacterium acnes , Staphylococcus aureus , Shigella , Salmonella , and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ; Rhee and Lee, 2011 ; Xiong et al, 2013 ; Yang et al, 2016 , 2018 ; Yan L. et al, 2020 ). In vivo study showed that L. japonica could significantly promote the colonization of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria ( Minami and Makino, 2020 ; Yang X. et al, 2020 ). Wang et al (2014) showed that unfermented or fermented L. japonica both can significant alteration of the distribution of intestinal flora, especially affecting the population of Akkermansia spp.…”

“…and Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio in obesity rats, which play an essential role in high fat diet or LPS induced enhancement in gut permeability, development of endotoximia, and inflammation. Minami and Makino (2020) showed that L. japonica significantly increased the survival rate and decreased Citrobacter rodentium ( C. rodentium ) colonization in the large intestine of mice. Citrobacter rodentium is a mucosal pathogen of murine, which has long used as a model to elucidate the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of infection with enteropathogenic E. coli and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli , two clinically important human gastrointestinal pathogens ( Collins et al, 2014 ; Bouladoux et al, 2017 ; Mullineaux-Sanders et al, 2019 ).…”