Effects of long-term drainage on microbial community composition vary between peatland types

Urbanová, Zuzana; Bárta, Jiří

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.09.017

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

2016

DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.09.017

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Effects of long-term drainage on microbial community composition vary between peatland types

Zuzana Urbanová

Jiří Bárta

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Cited by 55 publications

(81 citation statements)

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“…We show that anaerobic degradation leading to high or low CH 4 production involved distinct sets of bacteria. Well-known fermenters dominated in a peatland with high CH 4 production, while novel and unconventional degraders could be identified in a site where CO 2 production greatly exceeds CH 4 production. Our results help identify and assign functions to uncharacterized bacteria that promote or inhibit CH 4 production and reveal bacteria potentially producing the excess CO 2 in acidic peat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Our results help identify and assign functions to uncharacterized bacteria that promote or inhibit CH 4 production and reveal bacteria potentially producing the excess CO 2 in acidic peat. This study contributes to understanding the microbiological basis for different levels of CH 4 emission from peatlands. and fermenters in boreal Sphagnum fens and (ii) compare the active anaerobic degraders in two fens differing as CH 4 sources.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…IMPORTANCE Peatlands are major sources of the greenhouse gas methane (CH 4 ), yet in many peatlands, CO 2 production from unresolved anaerobic processes exceeds CH 4 production. Anaerobic degradation produces the precursors of CH 4 production but also represents competing processes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anaerobic degradation produces the precursors of CH 4 production but also represents competing processes. We show that anaerobic degradation leading to high or low CH 4 production involved distinct sets of bacteria. Well-known fermenters dominated in a peatland with high CH 4 production, while novel and unconventional degraders could be identified in a site where CO 2 production greatly exceeds CH 4 production.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct Anaerobic Bacterial Consumers of Cellobiose-Derived Carbon in Boreal Fens with Different CO ₂ /CH ₄ Production Ratios

Juottonen

Eiler

Biasi

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Northern peatlands in general have high methane (CH 4 ) emissions, but individual peatlands show considerable variation as CH 4 sources. Particularly in nutrient-poor peatlands, CH 4 production can be low and exceeded by carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) production from unresolved anaerobic processes. To clarify the role anaerobic bacterial degraders play in this variation, we compared consumers of cellobiose-derived carbon in two fens differing in nutrient status and the ratio of CO 2 to CH 4 produced. After [ 13 C]cellobiose amendment, the mesotrophic fen produced equal amounts of CH 4 and CO 2 . The oligotrophic fen had lower CH 4 production but produced 3 to 59 times more CO 2 than CH 4 . RNA stable-isotope probing revealed that in the mesotrophic fen with higher CH 4 production, cellobiose-derived carbon was mainly assimilated by various recognized fermenters of Firmicutes and by Proteobacteria. The oligotrophic peat with excess CO 2 production revealed a wider variety of cellobiose-C consumers, including Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, but also more unconventional degraders, such as Telmatobacter-related Acidobacteria and subphylum 3 of Verrucomicrobia. Prominent and potentially fermentative Planctomycetes and Chloroflexi did not appear to process cellobiose-C. Our results show that anaerobic degradation resulting in different levels of CH 4 production can involve distinct sets of bacterial degraders. By distinguishing cellobiose degraders from the total community, this study contributes to defining anaerobic bacteria that process cellulose-derived carbon in peat. Several of the identified degraders, particularly fermenters and potential Fe(III) or humic substance reducers in the oligotrophic peat, represent promising candidates for resolving the origin of excess CO 2 production in peatlands.IMPORTANCE Peatlands are major sources of the greenhouse gas methane (CH 4 ), yet in many peatlands, CO 2 production from unresolved anaerobic processes exceeds CH 4 production. Anaerobic degradation produces the precursors of CH 4 production but also represents competing processes. We show that anaerobic degradation leading to high or low CH 4 production involved distinct sets of bacteria. Well-known fermenters dominated in a peatland with high CH 4 production, while novel and unconventional degraders could be identified in a site where CO 2 production greatly exceeds CH 4 production. Our results help identify and assign functions to uncharacterized bacteria that promote or inhibit CH 4 production and reveal bacteria potentially producing the excess CO 2 in acidic peat. This study contributes to understanding the microbiological basis for different levels of CH 4 emission from peatlands.

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mentioning

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct Anaerobic Bacterial Consumers of Cellobiose-Derived Carbon in Boreal Fens with Different CO ₂ /CH ₄ Production Ratios

Juottonen

Eiler

Biasi

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Substrate quality of drained organic soils—Implications for carbon dioxide fluxes

Säurich

Tiemeyer²,

Dettmann

et al. 2021

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Background Peatlands only cover a minor fraction of the global terrestrial surface, but due to drainage, they are major contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from soils. Previous studies have shown that hydrological conditions, nutrient availability and anthropogenic disturbance play an important role in the mineralisation of organic matter. Furthermore, microbial turnover depends on peat quality, which is determined by its botanical origin and degree of transformation under natural conditions. Aims The objective of this study was to shed light on the interdependence between mineralisation rates, secondary transformation of peat and chemical composition by examining the differences between bog and fen peat and between strongly degraded topsoil and well‐preserved subsoil. Methods Bog and fen peat from ten different peatlands under grassland use in Germany were analysed for their chemical composition using standard 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and wet chemical extractions for fibre analysis. The radiocarbon age was determined as well. The results were combined with CO2 fluxes from a previous incubation study. Results Topsoils had higher shares of proteins and lipids, and lower shares of carbohydrates and aromatics than subsoils. Bog peat subsoils were characterised by higher shares of carbohydrates and lower shares of aromatics than fen peat subsoils. Topsoils were more similar to each other in their chemical composition than the subsoils. Considering all samples, aromatics and phenolics were negatively correlated with CO2 fluxes. Measured CO2 fluxes from topsoils were significantly higher than from subsoils. However, no influences of chemical composition on CO2 fluxes were detected when examining topsoils and subsoils separately. Even though aromatics and phenolics showed positive relationships with radiocarbon age, differences in age alone were unable to explain the higher amounts of these compounds in the subsoil. Conclusions The results imply that chemical composition of topsoil peat is not the reason for higher mineralisation rates compared to subsoil peat, but rather a consequence of decomposition and transformation. Thus, peat mineralisation of drained organic soils under agriculture might not slow down over time due to gradually decreasing peat quality but could increase further.

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How do water table drawdown, duration of drainage, and warming influence greenhouse gas emissions from drained peatlands of the Zoige Plateau?

et al. 2021

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Alpine peatlands on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau are an important soil carbon pool and are extremely sensitive to global change. Duration of drainage and water table drawdown accelerate peatland degradation because the soil changes from an anaerobic to aerobic environment, and climate warming exacerbates this shift. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of drainage on microbial characteristics and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as identify the factors mediating those effects. This study also analyzed whether warming increases the variability of GHG emissions. Watertable drawdown exerted greater influence on microbial communities than duration of drainage did. Watertable drawdown significantly increased the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Basidiomycota, and changes in soil microbiota correlated with differences in GHG emissions across three water‐table treatments. Longer drainage was associated with lower GHG emission; watertable drawdown decreased emissions of CO2 and CH4, but increased emission of N2O. In addition, high temperature increased CO2 emission by 75% and N2O emission by 42%, without significantly affecting CH4 emission. Structural equation modelling showed that microbes, especially prokaryotes (r = 0.79, p < 0.05 for all), were the primary factor affecting GHG emissions from drained peatlands. Overall, this study indicates that the watertable exerts a greater effect on GHG emissions than duration of drainage, and that warming increases variability of GHG emissions.

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Effects of long-term drainage on microbial community composition vary between peatland types

Cited by 55 publications

References 55 publications

Distinct Anaerobic Bacterial Consumers of Cellobiose-Derived Carbon in Boreal Fens with Different CO ₂ /CH ₄ Production Ratios

Distinct Anaerobic Bacterial Consumers of Cellobiose-Derived Carbon in Boreal Fens with Different CO ₂ /CH ₄ Production Ratios

Substrate quality of drained organic soils—Implications for carbon dioxide fluxes

How do water table drawdown, duration of drainage, and warming influence greenhouse gas emissions from drained peatlands of the Zoige Plateau?

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Effects of long-term drainage on microbial community composition vary between peatland types

Cited by 55 publications

References 55 publications

Distinct Anaerobic Bacterial Consumers of Cellobiose-Derived Carbon in Boreal Fens with Different CO 2 /CH 4 Production Ratios

Distinct Anaerobic Bacterial Consumers of Cellobiose-Derived Carbon in Boreal Fens with Different CO 2 /CH 4 Production Ratios

Substrate quality of drained organic soils—Implications for carbon dioxide fluxes

How do water table drawdown, duration of drainage, and warming influence greenhouse gas emissions from drained peatlands of the Zoige Plateau?

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Product

Resources

About

Distinct Anaerobic Bacterial Consumers of Cellobiose-Derived Carbon in Boreal Fens with Different CO ₂ /CH ₄ Production Ratios

Distinct Anaerobic Bacterial Consumers of Cellobiose-Derived Carbon in Boreal Fens with Different CO ₂ /CH ₄ Production Ratios