Effects of Loaded End Distance and Moisture Content on the Behavior of Bolted Connections in Squared and Round Timber Subjected to Tension Parallel to the Grain

Lokaj, Antonín; Dobeš, Pavel; Sucharda, Oldřích

doi:10.3390/ma13235525

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The analyses were carried out with a reference moisture content equal to 12%. It is important to consider the significant influence of moisture content on wooden elements [ 14 , 62 ]. When testing wood with moisture contents differing from the reference moisture content (usually 12%)—these differences should be taken into account using the correction formulas indicated in the relevant standards.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Mechanical Properties of Wood in Existing Structures—Selected Aspects

2021

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The paper presents and discusses selected methods of wood classification and the evaluation of its mechanical properties. Attention was mainly paid to methods that may be particularly useful for examining existing elements and structures. The possibility of estimating the modulus of rupture—MOR and modulus of elasticity—MOE based on the non- destructive (NDT), semi-destructive (SDT), and destructive tests (DT) were considered. Known international, European, and American standards and research approaches were indicated. The selected testing methods and their interpretation were presented. These were, among others, the method of visual assessment, the resistance drilling method, methods of determining the dynamic modulus of elasticity, and procedures for testing small clear specimens. Moreover, some of our own research results from the conducted experimental tests were presented and discussed. In the destructive tests, both large elements and small clear specimens were examined. The results obtained from individual methods were compared and some conclusions were presented. The summary discusses the fundamental difficulties and limitations in applying the presented procedures and interpretations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Mechanical Properties of Wood in Existing Structures—Selected Aspects

2021

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“…Johansen was the first to describe the mechanical behavior of this type of connections [30]. His theory characterizes three distinct failure modes but does not consider potential brittle modes [29], only considers ductile failure modes [14]. The equations derived by Johansen [10] for connection strength are dependent on geometry, fastener strength, wood embedment strength, and bending strength [24].…”

Section: Simplified Equations In Designed Timber Connectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other important parameters are the calculation of the load-carrying capacity and the effect of the stiffness material of the connections. These parameters are crucial to the maintenance and durability of the structure, especially for large spans with many connections and in structures with heavily loaded connections [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Study of Three Types of Timber Connections with Metal Fasteners Using Eurocode 5

et al. 2022

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This work presents the results of three types of timber connections, in double-shear, with metal dowel-type fasteners, using the simplified equations from of Eurocode 5. All the design parameters were established and compared using three different properties of strength and density of the wood that represent the connecting members. A total of eighty-one connections were obtained, allowing for the determination of the number of fasteners needed for the applied tensile load. A large number and different types of connections allow the verification of the effect of the dowel parameters together with the wood characteristics. In all of the types of timber connections studied, the number of dowels increases with the applied tensile load, with lower dowel diameter, lower wood density, and strength. The design characteristic load-carrying capacity per shear plane and fastener also decreases with the previously considered parameters.

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“…EWPs such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL), plywood, oriented strand board (OSB), and mass timber products such as glue-laminated timber (Glulam), cross laminated timber (CLT), and structural composite lumber (SCL) that are used in building construction have been around for decades, for instance. Since the application of mass timber products in the construction of tall buildings is of interest to the industry and the research community these days, several studies have evaluated different aspects of these products [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Additionally, limited work has been conducted on developing wood-based composite sandwich panels with three-dimensional cores for use in building envelopes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Wood Composite Sandwich Panels as a Promising Renewable Building Material

2021

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During this study, full-size wood composite sandwich panels, 1.2 m by 2.4 m (4 ft by 8 ft), with a biaxial corrugated core were evaluated as a building construction material. Considering the applications of this new building material, including roof, floor, and wall paneling, sandwich panels with one and two corrugated core(s) were fabricated and experimentally evaluated. Since primary loads applied on these sandwich panels during their service life are live load, snow load, wind, and gravity loads, their bending and compression behavior were investigated. To improve the thermal characteristics, the cavities within the sandwich panels created by the corrugated geometry of the core were filled with a closed-cell foam. The R-values of the sandwich panels were measured to evaluate their energy performance. Comparison of the weight indicated that fabrication of a corrugated panel needs 74% less strands and, as a result, less resin compared to a strand-based composite panel, such as oriented strand board (OSB), of the same size and same density. Bending results revealed that one-layer core sandwich panels with floor applications under a 4.79 kPa (100 psf) bending load are able to meet the smallest deflection limit of L/360 when the span length (L) is 137.16 cm (54 in) or less. The ultimate capacity of two-layered core sandwich panels as a wall member was 94% and 158% higher than the traditional walls with studs under bending and axial compressive loads, respectively. Two-layered core sandwich panels also showed a higher ultimate capacity compared to structural insulated panels (SIP), at 470% and 235% more in bending and axial compression, respectively. Furthermore, normalized R-values, the thermal resistance, of these sandwich panels, even with the presence of thermal bridging due to the core geometry, was about 114% and 109% higher than plywood and oriented strand board, respectively.

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Effects of Loaded End Distance and Moisture Content on the Behavior of Bolted Connections in Squared and Round Timber Subjected to Tension Parallel to the Grain

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Estimating Mechanical Properties of Wood in Existing Structures—Selected Aspects

Estimating Mechanical Properties of Wood in Existing Structures—Selected Aspects

Parametric Study of Three Types of Timber Connections with Metal Fasteners Using Eurocode 5

Evaluation of Wood Composite Sandwich Panels as a Promising Renewable Building Material

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