Effects of Liquid Medium and Ablation Wavelength on the Properties of Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles Formed by Pulsed‐Laser Ablation

Abstract

Pulsed-laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) is a green synthesis technique to obtain semiconductor nanomaterials in colloidal form. Herein, cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles were synthesized by the pulsed-laser ablation of a CdS target in different liquid media by using λ=532 and 1064 nm outputs from a pulsed (10 ns, 10 Hz) Nd:YAG laser at different ablation fluence values. The morphology, structure, crystalline phase, elemental composition, optical, and luminescent properties of CdS nanomaterials were analyzed by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. By changing the liquid medium and ablation wavelength, CdS nanoparticles with different morphology and size were formed, as demonstrated by using TEM analysis. The crystallinity and chemical states of the ablation products were confirmed by using XRD and XPS analyses. The optical bandgap of the CdS nanoparticles was dependent on the ablation wavelength and the fluence. These nanocolloids presented different green emissions, which implied the presence of several emission centers. CdS nanocolloids in distilled water catalyzed the photocatalytic decay of methylene blue dye under light irradiation from a solar simulator.

Top‐Down Synthesis of Hollow Graphene Nanostructures for Use in Resistive Switching Memory Devices

“…It is worth mentioning that such graphitic shells are formed on NPs synthesized using metal targets in certain organic liquids such as toluene [36,40] and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). [42] Interestingly, such shell formation is absent in ZnO and CdS NPs synthesized using ZnO [43] and CdS [44] targets. [41] It is reported that the aromatic debris from these solvents acts as a carbon source for graphitization of carbon which leads to the shell formation.…”

“…[41] It is reported that the aromatic debris from these solvents acts as a carbon source for graphitization of carbon which leads to the shell formation. [42] Interestingly, such shell formation is absent in ZnO and CdS NPs synthesized using ZnO [43] and CdS [44] targets. Therefore, several factors influence the formation of graphitic shells on the synthesized NPs in liquid using LAL.…”

“…[41] However, in certain other organic solvents, no such graphitic shell formation is observed, even the ablation is carried out under similar experimental conditions. [44] Most of the organic solvents such as acetone, ethanol, and etc. [42] Interestingly, such shell formation is absent in ZnO and CdS NPs synthesized using ZnO [43] and CdS [44] targets.…”

“…[41] It is reported that the aromatic debris from these solvents acts as a carbon source for graphitization of carbon which leads to the shell formation. [44] Since UV laser beam has lesser penetration depth as well as higher photon energy, NPs with lower particle size could be synthesized at a higher ablation efficiency. Therefore, several factors influence the formation of graphitic shells on the synthesized NPs in liquid using LAL.…”

Nanostructured SnS2 Thin Films from Laser Ablated Nanocolloids: Structure, Morphology, Optoelectronic and Electrochemical Properties

“…Furthermore, inability of controlling the atomic density and temperature gradient in the plasma results in formation of particles with different sizes and shapes. More details on the role of liquid media in determining the particle morphologies by PLAL are available in literature ,…”