Effects of linear holding for reducing additional flight delays without extra fuel consumption

Xu, Yan; Prats, Xavier

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2017.04.027

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The proposed strategy could be easily combined with other initiatives focusing to improve the aircraft operator's costefficiency, such as airlines' waiting for passengers concepts under hub operations [26], or the strategy to neutralize additional delays subject to ground holding [11].…”

Section: Conclusion and Further Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linear Holding for Airspace Flow Programs: A Case Study on Delay Absorption and Recovery

Prats

2019

IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst.

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This paper presents a method to introduce linear holding to flights affected by Airspace Flow Program (AFP) initiatives. Trajectories are optimized at their planning stage in such a way that the program performance is improved in terms of delay absorption before the congested area, and delay recovery at the destination airport. This recovery process is studied by comparing the case where the same fuel consumption is fixed as the nominal flight, with several cases where some extra fuel allowances are considered at the flight planning stage. The effects for AFP delayed flights are thoroughly discussed in a case study followed by a sensitivity analysis on possible influential factors. Results suggest that using the proposed method could partially recover part of the AFP delay, even with no extra fuel allowances (e.g., reducing 3.3 min of ground delay and 1.7 min of arrival delay for a typical short-haul flight). When extra fuel is allowed, however, the maximum delay recovery increases up to 10 min for the studied case, which also proves to be more cost-efficient than current operations, when flight speed is increased after experiencing all delay on ground.

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Section: Conclusion and Further Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, an novel approach using advanced aircraft trajectory optimization techniques was adopted to extend this linear holding strategy to the whole flight (i.e. also accounting for climbs and descents) [10], [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear Holding for Airspace Flow Programs: A Case Study on Delay Absorption and Recovery

Prats

2019

IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst.

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“…For instance, it can be combined with the airline strategy of wait-for-passengers (only in case delay is recovered), i.e., deciding to actively delay outbound flights at the hub to ensure that connecting passengers do not miss their connections (see Delgado et al (2016)). In addition, through substituting part of the ground holding by a flexible LH, the additional delays (see Bilimoria (2016)) raised from the lack of coordination among multiple traffic management initiatives can be reduced remarkably (Xu and Prats (2017)). Nevertheless, further discussion on the detailed application is out of the scope of this paper.…”

Section: The Linear Holding Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing airborne delay at no extra fuel cost by means of linear holding

Xu¹,

Dalmau²,

Prats³

2017

Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies

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This paper introduces a linear holding strategy based on prior works on cruise speed reduction, aimed at performing airborne delay at no extra fuel cost, as a complementary strategy to current ground and airborne holding strategies. Firstly, the equivalent speed concept is extended to climb and descent phases through an analysis of fuel consumption and speed from aircraft performance data. This gives an insight of the feasibility to implement the concept, differentiating the case where the cruise flight level initially requested is kept and the case where it can be changed before departure in order to maximize the linear holding time. Illustrative examples are given, where typical flights are simulated using an optimal trajectory generation tool where linear holding is maximized while keeping constant the initially planned fuel. Finally, the effects of linear holding are thoroughly assessed in terms of the vertical trajectory profiles, range of feasible speed intervals and trade-offs between fuel and time. Results show that the airborne delay increases significantly with nearly 3-fold time for short-haul flights and 2-fold for mid-hauls to the cases in prior works.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

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“…The used mechanisms include aircraft swaps, flight cancellations, crew swaps, reserve crews, and passenger rebooking. Xu and Prats [29] proposed an approach to implement linear holding for flights that were initially subject to ground holding, in the context of Trajectory Based Operations for neutralizing additional delays raised from the lack of coordination between various traffic management initiatives and without incurring extra fuel consumption.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since they are blind animals, they find the shortest path from nest to food with the aid of pheromone. The pheromone is the chemical material that is deposited by ants, which serves as the critical communication media among ants, thereby guiding the determination of the next movement [29]. On the other hand, ants find the shortest path based on intensity of pheromone that is deposited on different paths.…”

Section: Aco Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on an Airport Gate Reassignment Method and Its Application

Zhao

2017

Symmetry

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Bad weather, mechanical failures, air control, and crew members of the discomfort health are very likely to cause flight delays. If these events occur, decision-makers of airport operation must rediscover the flight schedules through reassigning gates to these flights, delaying flights, and canceling flights. Therefore, it is important to study the recovery strategy with the feasibility and the least cost for delayed flights and to improve the airport operation efficiency. In this paper, a mathematical model of gate reassignment based on the objectives of the loss of passengers, airport operating, and airlines, and the most important index of disturbance value of the gate reassignment for delayed flights is constructed. Then, the genetic algorithm (GA) and ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm are combined in order to propose a two-stage hybrid(GAOTWSH) algorithm, which is used to solve the constructed mathematical model of gate reassignment for delayed flights. The test data from the operations of the one airport is used to simulate and demonstrate the performance of the constructed mathematical model of gate reassignment for irregular flights. The results show that the proposed GAOTWSH algorithm has better optimization performance and the constructed gate reassignment model is feasible and effective. The study provides a new idea and method for irregular flights.

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Effects of linear holding for reducing additional flight delays without extra fuel consumption

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Linear Holding for Airspace Flow Programs: A Case Study on Delay Absorption and Recovery

Linear Holding for Airspace Flow Programs: A Case Study on Delay Absorption and Recovery

Maximizing airborne delay at no extra fuel cost by means of linear holding

Study on an Airport Gate Reassignment Method and Its Application

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