Effects of liming on ectomycorrhizal fungi infecting Pinus sylvestris L.

Abstract

SUMMARYPinus sylvestris L. seedlings were grown in the laboratory in a forest humus which had been treated with different levels of CaO to give a soil pH gradient from 4 to 7. After 12 and 15 wk the resulting ectomycorrhizal infection was classified according to macroscopical morphology. The uniformity of the infection types distinguished was evaluated by isolating the fungi from the root tips and infecting seedlings with the isolates obtained. The isolation method was improved by using a medium containing benomyl and chlortetracyclin and by isolating from very small particles. For some mycorrhizal types the fungus was successfully isolated from 80% of the plated root particles.The number of root tips that became mycorrhizal increased from 70% at pH 4 to nearly 100% around pH 5. Thereafter it decreased linearly to reach a minimum of slightly less than 40 % at pH 7-5. Five different mycorrhizal types could be distinguished. They occurred with different abundance, distribution and pH optima. They were present throughout the entire pH range, except for a yellow type, identified as Piloderma croceum Erikss. & Hjortst., which was not found at values higher than 6-2. There was no great differences between infections on plants harvested after 12 and 15 wk. Seedling growth was constant to pH 5 then it increased up to about pH 7, at higher pH values growth declined.

Characterization of the host genotype and fungal diversity in Scots pine ectomycorrhiza from natural humus microcosms using isozyme and PCR‐RFLP analyses

“…comm.). The Pink ectomycorrhiza in this study and that isolated from Scots pine in Sweden (Erland & Soderstrom, 1990) display a similar two-fragment Hint I profile (Erland et al, 1994) and might belong to the same species. Identification of other natural ectomycorrhiza might be possible following the typing that is presently underway of sporocarps present in our studied pine stand.…”

Identification of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Tylospora fibrillosa Donk by RFLP analysis of the PCR‐amplified ITS and IGS regions of ribosomal DNA

“…plantation in Northeastern Scotland. Eungal isolates were obtained from mycorrhizas as previously described by Erland & Soderstrom (1990), except tbat whole, rather than macerated, root tips were used. The isolates were kept on modified Melin-Norkrans agar (MMN) (Marx & Bryan, 1975) and were subcultured every 8 wk.…”

“…(Erland & Soderstrom, 1990) were cut with Hinf I and the restriction products were analyzed. Representative results are shown in Figure 2.…”

Outcome of interactions between genets of two Suillus spp. and different Pinus sylvestris genotype combinations: identity and distribution of ectomycorrhizas and effects on early seedling growth in N‐limited nursery soil

“…N, P, Ca) and forest management practices (site preparation, clear-cutting, soil ploughing etc.) (Lehto, 1984(Lehto, , 1989Vare, 1989Vare, , 1990Erland & Soderstrom, 1990;1991a, ^;Stenstrom, 1990;Stenstrom & Ek, 1990;Dahlberg, 1990;Dahlberg & Stenstrom, 1991;Arnebrant & Soderstrom, 1992). In laboratory microcosm experiments, early (first season) successional changes in ectomycorrhizal colonization of Scots pine seedlings roots by known fungi has been identified and found to be closely related to in vitro fungal growth rates (Erland & Einlay, 1992).…”