Effects of Light Saline Loading on Renal Renin and Catecholamine Release in Hypertensive Humans

Cannella, Giuseppe; Picotti, G. B.; Cesura, Andrea M.; Campanini, M.; Bondiolotti, Gianpietro; Maiorca, R

doi:10.1159/000172891

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…However, after saline infusion, the plasma NA concentration decreased in the normotensive subjects but not in the hypertensive patients. Similar findings have been reported in earlier studies (43,44) and may imply the presence of sympathetic overactivity in essential hypertension, as indicated by other lines of evidence (45).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Responses of Natriuretic Peptides to Acute and Chronic Salt Loading in Normotensive and Hypertensive Subjects.

Ishimitsu

Minami²,

Nishikimi

et al. 1998

Hypertens Res

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Responses of endocrine systems to acute and chronic salt loading were examined in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. In the acute salt load study, isotonic saline (20 ml/kg for 1 h) was intravenously infused in 10 normotensive subjects and 12 patients with essential hypertension. Plasma noradrenaline was suppressed by saline infusion in the normotensive subjects (-19%, p < 0.05), but was not suppressed in the hypertensive patients ( -5% , NS). Plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentration was significantly increased in the hypertensive patients ( +15%, p < 0.05), while it was unchanged in the normotensive subjects. In the chronic salt load study, 9 normotensive subjects and 30 patients with essential hypertension underwent two 7-d periods of 30 and 260 mmol/d sodium intake. On the basis of the blood pressure change, 17 hypertensive patients were classified as salt-resistant and 13 as salt-sensitive. The salt-sensitive hypertensive patients had suppressed plasma renin activity even during low-salt intake. During high salt intake, the plasma noradrenaline concentration failed to decrease in the salt-sensitive hypertensive patients (-6%, NS), whereas it fell significantly in the normotensive subjects (-27%, p < 0.05) and the salt-resistant hypertensive patients (-33%, p < 0.01). The high-salt intake also increased plasma concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide as well as atrial natriuretic peptide in all groups. In the salt-sensitive hypertensive patients, there was a positive correlation between the increase in blood pressure and that in atrial natriuretic peptide (r= 0.84, p < 0.01). These data indicate that brain natriuretic peptide is involved in chronic changes in body fluid volume. In patients with essential hypertension, acute volume expansion also evokes the response of brain natriuretic peptide. Salt-sensitive hypertension seems to be characterized by blunted response of the sympathetic nervous system. In addition, an increase in atrial natriuretic peptide is likely to play an important role in mechanisms counteracting salt-induced elevation of blood pressure. (Hypertens Res 1998; 21: 15-22)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%