“…Additionally, recent evidence suggests that this dye may have a protective effect against cell apoptosis (17). Indocyanine green, on the other hand, has been extensively associated with toxic changes in retinal and retinal pigment epithelium function, both in vitro and in vivo (15, 18, 19). Trypan blue, which is combined with BBG in some commercially available preparations, may aid in providing additional staining of not only the ERM but may also have affinity for the ILM itself (20), although it has been associated with retinal toxicity in increased concentrations (21).…”