Effects of light intensity on husbandry parameters, digestive enzymes and whole-body composition of juvenileEpinephelus coioidesreared in artificial sea water

Abstract

To provide a specific lighting system to aquaculture, a completely randomized design with five light treatments with three replicates was used to investigate effects of light intensity on juvenile Epinephelus coioides reared in artificial sea water. The weight gain rate (WG, %), specific growth rate (SGR % day−1), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and survival rate (S, %) were significantly higher at the 320–1150‐lx treatments (P ≤ 0.05) compared with the other treatments, but the highest food conversion ratio (FCR) was at the 0‐lx treatment and the lowest at 600–1150 lx. Total protease, amylase and lipase activities in liver, stomach and intestine were significantly higher at 320–1150‐lx conditions and significantly lower at 0 lx (P ≤ 0.05) than in the other treatments. The highest contents of crude protein and crude lipid were observed at 600–1150 lx and 320–550 lx respectively. However, both moisture and ash were highest at 0 lx and lowest at 600–1150 lx. The results indicated that light intensity could significantly affect husbandry parameters, digestive enzymes and whole‐body composition of juvenile E. coioides, with optimal light intensity being at 600–1150 lx.

Optimal Background Color for Head-Starting Northern River Terrapins (Batagur baska Gray, 1831)

“…Some changes in light intensity could influence the pineal gland to stimulate enzyme activities [36]. Therefore, responses in digestive enzymes to varying light parameters have been reported for various species [17,37,38].…”

Growth, development and survival of European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) larvae cultured under different light spectra and intensities

“…However, a high light intensity had a negative effect on larval behaviour in other species (Stuart, 2013) and may be stressful or even lethal for larvae (Boeuf & Le Bail, 1999). Either high or low light intensity can potentially contribute to fish stress (Boeuf & Le Bail, 1999), which might affect their behaviour and cause an increase in metabolic rates (De-Silva & Anderson, 1994), both of which responses may increase energy expenditure and reduce growth rates and feeding efficiency (Güroy et al, 2010;Strand, Alanärä, Staffan, & Magnhagen, 2007;Wang, Cheng, Liu, & Long, 2015). Either high or low light intensity can potentially contribute to fish stress (Boeuf & Le Bail, 1999), which might affect their behaviour and cause an increase in metabolic rates (De-Silva & Anderson, 1994), both of which responses may increase energy expenditure and reduce growth rates and feeding efficiency (Güroy et al, 2010;Strand, Alanärä, Staffan, & Magnhagen, 2007;Wang, Cheng, Liu, & Long, 2015).…”

“…The ideal light intensity in which fish thrive is thus species specific, and the optimal values for larval development, growth and survival may also differ during larval ontogeny (Boeuf & Le Bail, 1999;Fielder et al, 2002;Stuart, 2013). Either high or low light intensity can potentially contribute to fish stress (Boeuf & Le Bail, 1999), which might affect their behaviour and cause an increase in metabolic rates (De-Silva & Anderson, 1994), both of which responses may increase energy expenditure and reduce growth rates and feeding efficiency (Güroy et al, 2010;Strand, Alanärä, Staffan, & Magnhagen, 2007;Wang, Cheng, Liu, & Long, 2015). In the present study, the survival rate was also influenced by light intensity before day 54, suggesting that the optimal light intensity requirements change at different developmental stages, and lower light intensities may promote survival during the pre-larval stage.…”

Effect of light intensity and photoperiod on growth and survival of the Mexican cichlid, Cichlasoma beani in culture conditions

“…The main variables that are controlled in culturing fish are temperature and salinity. However, the manipulation of other factors such as light intensity and photoperiod are also important in fish production as they can optimize the production of a species as the physiological response of fish can be positively affected by variations in light intensity, wavelength and daily or seasonal photoperiod (Boeuf & Le Baile, 1999;Puvanendran & Brown, 2002;Stuart & Drawbridge, 2011;Gunnarsson et al, 2012;Prayogo et al, 2012;Honryo et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2015). Light intensity and photoperiod are also important factors in fish production as their manipulation can optimize the production of a species, as the behavior of fish can be positively affected by variations in light intensity, wavelength and daily or seasonal photoperiod (Boeuf & Le Baile, 1999;Puvanendran & Brown, 2002).…”

“…Light intensity and photoperiod are also important factors in fish production as their manipulation can optimize the production of a species, as the behavior of fish can be positively affected by variations in light intensity, wavelength and daily or seasonal photoperiod (Boeuf & Le Baile, 1999;Puvanendran & Brown, 2002). Most fish require a minimum level of light intensity, which allows visualization of the food, increases food intake and improves feed conversion leading to nutrients assimilation, it generates a faster and greater growth, improves the immune system, increases the enzyme activity and the accumulation of crude protein and lipids (Trippel & Neil, 2003;Monk et al, 2006;Sheng et al 2006;Ashley, 2007;Karakatsaouli et al, 2010;Stuart & Drawbridge, 2011;Honryo et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2015), while an inadequate light intensity can be stressful to fish and even lead to mortalities (Boeuf & Le Baile, 1999). The finding of a suitable photoperiod for a particular species, can reduce social stress and increases: food intake, nutrient assimilation and specific growth rate (Fielder et al, 2002;Trippel & Neil, 2002;Howell et al, 2003;Imsland et al, 2006;Ballagh et al, 2008;Martínez-Cárdenas & Purser, 2011;Gunnarsson et al, 2012;Prayogo et al, 2012).…”