Effects of Level of Feed Intake on Nitrogen, Amino Acid and Energy Digestibilities Measured at the End of the Small Intestine and over the Total Digestive Tract of Growing Pigs

Haydon, K. D.; Knabe, D. A.; Tanksley, T. D.

doi:10.2527/jas1984.593717x

Cited by 65 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This may due to the different nutrient availability of various ingredient sources. The ATTD of DM, and GE and ME (%) for CSBM based diets were similar as the previous study (Chapter 2); whereas, likely due to the lower FI (Haydon et al, 1984), the apparent CP digestibility estimates were approximately 2% greater than the previous study (Chapter 2).…”

Section: Nutrient Digestibility and Energy Values Of Dietssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…At lower FI, the longer retention time (Seerley et al, 1962) and less non-protein substrate for microbes' requirement may result in increased deamination of AA by microbes and absorption of the large intestine (Fuller and Reeds, 1998 and Stein, 2004). In contrast, Haydon et al (1984) reported decreased energy digestibility with increasing FI. Harris et al (2012) selected pigs based on their residual feed intake (RFI), and concluded that the digestibility values for DM, CP, and GE were greater in the low vs. high RFI pigs; whereas, P digestibility did not differ between the pig lines.…”

Section: Feed Intakementioning

confidence: 75%

“…Haydon et al (1984) reported that increasing FI tended to improve the AID of nutrients, but also decreased the ingested nutrients that disappeared in the large intestine, which subsequently decreased ATTD of DM and numerically decreased ATTD of CP. At lower FI, the longer retention time (Seerley et al, 1962) and less non-protein substrate for microbes' requirement may result in increased deamination of AA by microbes and absorption of the large intestine (Fuller and Reeds, 1998 and Stein, 2004).…”

Section: Feed Intakementioning

confidence: 97%

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Evaluation of collection method and diet effects on apparent digestibility and energy values of swine diets1

Tran

Bundy

et al. 2016

Journal of Animal Science

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Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of collection method and diet on estimating digestibility values. In Exp. 1, 24 barrows were fed either a cornsoybean meal diet (CSBM) or CSBM with 20% dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). Fecal collections were based on exact timing (Day collection) or marker-tomarker collection (MM) methods during a 4-d period. Diets contained 0.5% of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) for estimating digestibility using the index method. In Exp. 2, the effects of collection method and basal diet on determination of DDGS digestibility were studied using 24 barrows. Diets were CSBM (basal 1), barley-canola meal diet (BCM; basal 2), and 20% of basal 1 or basal 2 replaced by DDGS (total 1 and total 2). Day and MM methods were administered for each individual pig by separate collections and measurements of feces. In Exp. 1, Day and MM methods were not different (P > 0.10) on estimation of digestibility values, except that ME values tended to be greater (0.05 < P < 0.10) when estimated using Day vs. MM methods; whereas, digestibility estimates and dietary energy values were about 0.5% and 20 kcal/kg lower (P < 0.05) estimated using the index vs. total collection (Day and MM) methods. In Exp. 2, digestibility estimates of diets and DDGS were not different (P > 0.10) calculated using Day and MM methods.The average DE and ME (kcal/kg, as-fed) of DDGS were 4,035 and 3,704, respectively estimated using basal 1, which were not different (P > 0.10) from using basal 2 (4,081 and 3,651, respectively). In conclusion, digestibility values of a complex diet and DDGS are not different when estimated by Day or MM method. When corn-soybean meal based diets are fed, digestibility estimates are lower using the index method compared to the total collection method. Additionally, basal diets may not affect DDGS digestibility estimates.

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Section: Nutrient Digestibility and Energy Values Of Dietssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Feed Intakementioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Feed Intakementioning

confidence: 97%

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Evaluation of collection method and diet effects on apparent digestibility and energy values of swine diets1

Tran

Bundy

et al. 2016

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Our proline flow of 6.1 g/kg DM intake approaches the upper limit and is considerably higher than the average value of 1.31 given by Jansman et al (2002). There are numerous factors affecting the endogenous flow of AA such as body weight (Leterme and Théwis, 2004), feed intake (Haydon et al, 1984), dietary fibre (Taverner et al, 1981) or duration of the feeding of N-free diet (Hodgkinson et al, 2000). The present results as well as those of Hess and Sève (1999) suggest that pig individuality may also be a significant source of variation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Effect of essential and non-essential amino acid addition to a nitrogen-free diet on endogenous ileal amino acid flow in growing pigs

Dolešová¹,

Nitrayová²,

Patráš³

et al. 2009

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:Pigs fitted with ileal T-cannula in the terminal ileum were used to study the effect of synthetic amino acids (AA) added to a nitrogen-free diet on endogenous losses. We compared the obtained data with data from other research centres in the world that are focusing on these problems. In the present experiment, we used three synthetic diets -a nitrogen-free (NF) diet, a diet with added essential AA (E), a diet with the same amounts of essential AA and a mixture of non-essential AA (E+N) added. The diets, apart from the amount of AA, had the same composition. Chromium oxide was used as an indigestible marker. The supplementation of the NF diet with sulphur AA, threonine and tryptophan resulted in a reduction of the endogenous flow of all AA except for cysteine. However, the difference between the NF and E diet was significant only in the case of proline. The effect of the non-essential AA addition to diet E was negligible, even though the endogenous flow of most AA tended to decrease. In comparison with NF diet, the endogenous flow of total N in diets E and E+N was reduced by about 30%. This reduction was mainly due to the decreased endogenous flow of proline, which accounted for 59% in diet E and 55% in diet E+N. Proline was the most abundant AA in all diets, followed by glycine and glutamic acid. The sum of proline and glycine in diets NF, E and E+N amounted to 59, 44, and 46% of total AA flow, respectively. In contrast, the proportion of the sum of essential AA of total AA flow in diets NF, E and E+N was 21, 28 and 27%, respectively. Our data on the endogenous AA and N flow are in the range of previously published values.

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“…These results are in agreement with earlier reports (Affentranger et al, 1996;Akdag et al, 2008). Nutrient digestibility increases with level of feed intake (Haydon et al, 1984) and the absorbed nutrients are used for maintenance and lean gain (Scharlach & Kleyn, 1996). When energy consumption exceeds requirements, the extra energy is converted to fat and stored (Scharlach & Kleyn, 1996).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-genetic factors affecting growth performance and carcass characteristics of two South African pig breeds

Dube¹,

Mulugeta²,

Westhuizen

et al. 2011

SA J. An. Sci.

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A study was conducted to establish non-genetic factors affecting growth and carcass traits in Large White and Landrace pigs. This study was based on 20 079 and 12 169 growth and 5 406 and 2 533 carcass data collected on performance tested pigs between 1990 and 2008 from Large White and Landrace breeds respectively. The traits analyzed were backfat thickness (BFAT), test period gain (TPG), lifetime gain (LTG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), age at slaughter (AGES), lean percentage (LEAN), drip-free lean percentage (DLEAN), drip loss (DRIP), dressing percentage (DRESS), carcass length (CRLTH) and eye muscle area (AREA). Significant effects were determined using PROC GLM of SAS. Herd of origin, year of testing and their interaction significantly affected all traits. Most traits were not affected by season of testing in both breeds, while all traits in both breeds were significantly affected by sex. Testing environment (station, farm) affected all growth traits except for LTG. Backfat thickness and AGES increased with increasing total feed intake, while other traits decreased as total feed intake increased. Improved test centre management did not compensate for pre-test underperformance. Castrates produced higher carcass yields of lower quality than females, while performance testing showed the best results when done at testing centres. This study showed the importance of adjusting for fixed effects when performing genetic evaluations in the two pig populations.

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Effects of Level of Feed Intake on Nitrogen, Amino Acid and Energy Digestibilities Measured at the End of the Small Intestine and over the Total Digestive Tract of Growing Pigs

Cited by 65 publications

References 10 publications

Evaluation of collection method and diet effects on apparent digestibility and energy values of swine diets1

Evaluation of collection method and diet effects on apparent digestibility and energy values of swine diets1

Effect of essential and non-essential amino acid addition to a nitrogen-free diet on endogenous ileal amino acid flow in growing pigs

Non-genetic factors affecting growth performance and carcass characteristics of two South African pig breeds

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