Effects of laser therapy and Grimaldi’s muscle shortening manoeuvre on motor control of subjects with incomplete spinal cord injuries

Longo, Diego; Longo, Leonardo; Lippi, Paolo; Cherubini, Giulio; Mangé, Vanessa

doi:10.5978/islsm.17-or-16

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The effect of the MSM was previously investigated in individuals with multiple sclerosis ( 8 ), spinal cord injury ( 9 ), and shoulder impingement ( 3 , 10 ). The current findings regarding strength and joint excursion are in agreement with previous studies ( 3 , 8 – 10 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The muscle shortening manoeuvre: Applicability and preliminary evaluation in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A retrospective analysis

Longo

Lombardi

Lippi³

et al. 2021

J Rehabil Med-CC

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Introduction Physiotherapy plays a key role in cerebral palsy rehabilitation, through addressing body function/structure deficits, minimizing activity limitations, and encouraging participation. The muscle shortening manoeuvre is an innovative therapeutic technique, characterized by the ability to induce changes in muscle strength in a short time. Objective To describe the applicability and estimate the effect of the muscle shortening manoeuvre applied to improve motor weakness and joint excursion of the ankle in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Methods Nine children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy received 3 intervention sessions in one week. Muscle strength, passive and active range of motion were assessed before, during and after the training, and at 1-week follow-up. Results The children experienced an immediate increase in muscle strength and joint excursion of the ankle; the improvements were still present at follow-up after 7 days. Conclusion The muscle shortening manoeuvre may be an effective intervention to induce an immediate increase in muscle strength and range of motion of the ankle in children affected by hemiplegia due to cerebral palsy, thus promoting better physical functioning. LAY ABSTRACT The muscle shortening manoeuvre is a continuous passive motion therapy, which has 2 components; muscle shortening and solicitation in traction. The intervention is administered by a physiotherapist and is characterized by the ability to induce changes in muscle strength in a short time. This report describes the applicability and the effect of the manoeuvre when applied to improve motor weakness and joint excursion of the ankle in children affected by hemiplegia due to cerebral palsy. Nine children received 3 intervention sessions in one week. Muscle strength, and range of motion were monitored. The children experienced an increase in muscle strength and joint excursion of the ankle. The muscle shortening manoeuvre appears to be suitable for use in children affected by hemiplegia due to cerebral palsy. Further research is needed to verify the effectiveness of the manoeuvre in promoting better physical functioning in these patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The muscle shortening manoeuvre: Applicability and preliminary evaluation in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A retrospective analysis

Longo

Lombardi

Lippi³

et al. 2021

J Rehabil Med-CC

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“…This manoeuvre, introduced by Grimaldi [10][11][12][13]15], causes dynamic stretching. It is associated with a sudden shortening of the muscles responsible for shoulder protraction and retraction.…”

Section: Muscle Shortening Manoeuvrementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, it has been evidenced that MSM is the main outcome of increased muscle strength. This manoeuvre increases serratus anterior muscle strength, stabilizing and balancing the joint with pain relief [12][13][14][15]. Various sports activities can cause SIS from prolonged and intense activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoulder impingement syndrome in water polo players: muscle shortening manoeuvre controls pain intensity, recovers function and normalizes sonographic parameters

et al. 2022

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Purpose To evaluate the effects of muscle shortening manoeuvre (MSM) by sonography (US) in professional water polo players with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). Methods Twenty-four professional water polo players (mean age: 22.13 ± 3.34) with SIS were assigned to one of 2 different treatment interventions: Group (1) MSM: a series of fast accelerations in the upward direction was applied to the upper limb that's connected to a spring through a metal plate with a ring. The ring was linked to a pulley system that was submitted to forces acting in the opposite direction (added mass). Group (2) Simple traction: the series of fast accelerations were performed without the springs. Pain intensity, Yocum and Hawkins tests for SIS, Neer's impingement sign, range of motion, muscle strength and shoulder US were assessed. The examination was performed before, immediately after and 30 days after each treatment to study the US width of subacromial-subdeltoid bursa (SSB), thickness of supraspinatus (ST), long biceps tendons (LBT); hypoechoic halo of surrounding the long biceps (LBH) and subscapular tendons (STH); width of acromio-clavicular joint capsule (ACJ) and the distance between bone heads (ACD). Impingement sign (IS) was evaluated by dynamic examination. Results Immediately after treatment with MSM, pain was much reduced (p = 0.002); Yocum and Hawkins tests were decreased (p = 0.008, p = 0.031); Neer's impingement sign was negative; range of motion and muscle strength were increased. US showed that the following parameters were significantly reduced: SSB (p = 0.001), LBT (p = 0.014), LBH (p = 0.014), SSH (p = 0.002), ACJ (p = 0.004), ACD (p = 0.001). IS was no more detected. After 30 days, the improvement of clinical and US findings was maintained. In the control group, after simple traction, no clinical amelioration of US parameters was found immediately after the procedure. Conclusion These data show that MSM could be significantly and rapidly effective against pain and the loss of function due to shoulder impingement in water polo players.

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“…From December 2003 until December 2018, we treated hundreds of patients with Central Nervous System Injuries (CNSI), using Non-Surgical Laser Therapy (NSLT) (1) obtaining good results in terms of sensitivity and movement (2). To increase muscle strength and to further explore new emerging synergies, we have also started using a physical therapy practice based on the most current knowledge about motor control (3,4), called Grimaldi's Muscle Shortening Maneuver (GMSM) (5)(6)(7)(8). Spasticity is one of the most common and disabling symptoms that results from a first motor neuron injury and afflicts over 12 million people worldwide (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of laser therapy and Grimaldi’s muscle shortening maneuver on spasticity in central nervous system injuries

Longo

Cherubini²,

Mangé³

et al. 2022

Laser Ther

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Background an Aims: For 2003 year until today we treated hundreds of patients with Central Nervous System Injuries (CNSI), using Non-Surgical Laser Therapy (NSLT) obtaining good results in terms of sensibility and movement. In order to increase muscle strength and to further explore new emerging synergies, we have also started using a physical therapy practice based on the most current knowledge about the motor control, called Grimaldi’s Muscle Shortening Maneuver (GMSM). Spasticity is often the most disabling symptom and the current therapies are still not able to heal it at all. The goal of our study is to suggest a new way of treatment of spasticity, supporting it with objective measurements of muscle thresholds. Materials and Methods: In 2016-2017, 36 patients with traumatic or degenerative CNSI were enrolled. Lasers used were 808 nm, 10600 nm, and 1064 nm, applied with a first cycle of 20 sessions, four a day. Patients were subjected to Grimaldi’s Muscle Shortening Maneuver (MSM) twice a day, ten sessions at all, working selectively on hypertonic muscles and their antagonists. Before treatment, tonic stretch reflex thresholds (TSRTs) in Gastrocnemius Lateralis (GL) were assessed through a surface electromyography (sEMG) device paired with an electrogoniometer. Antagonist muscle force (Tibialis Anterioris) was assessed by some electronic hand-held dynamometers. For the clinical measure, we used the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). All tests have been performed at the baseline (before starting treatments), after one week (at the end of the last treatment) and after a month. Results: Results were considered positive if the instrumental assessment procedure showed modifications in TSRT values and subjects improved their antagonist muscle strength. Results showed modifications in TSRT values at every follow up. The average comparison between the follow-ups was always statistically significant (p .000). The increase in Tibialis Anterioris muscle strength was statistically significant as well (p .000). MAS showed some differences between followups but not all of them are statistically significant (T0-T1 p .063, T1-T2 p .001, T0-T2 p .000). Encouraging results suggest a possible correlation between laser and MSM therapies and modifications of TSRT in spastic muscles. Conclusion: Associating laser treatment and Grimaldi’s Muscle Shortening Maneuver (MSM) seems to be effective on spasticity in patients affected by traumatic or degenerative CNSI. Obviously, this kind of study design showed a lot of limits however this clinical series could be an important hint for every researcher working in the complex field of spasticity, a symptom that is poorly defined and hardly treated.

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Effects of laser therapy and Grimaldi’s muscle shortening manoeuvre on motor control of subjects with incomplete spinal cord injuries

Abstract: Associating laser treatment and Grimaldi's Muscle Shortening Manoeuvre (MSM) seems to be effective on muscle strength and motor control in patients affected by subtotal SCI compared to a control group.

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

The muscle shortening manoeuvre: Applicability and preliminary evaluation in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A retrospective analysis

The muscle shortening manoeuvre: Applicability and preliminary evaluation in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A retrospective analysis

Shoulder impingement syndrome in water polo players: muscle shortening manoeuvre controls pain intensity, recovers function and normalizes sonographic parameters

Effects of laser therapy and Grimaldi’s muscle shortening maneuver on spasticity in central nervous system injuries

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