Effects of laser irradiation on collagen organization in chemically induced degenerative annulus fibrosus of lumbar intervertebral disc

Abstract

CP-OCT and DSC techniques allow us to record the alteration of collagen network organization as a result of chemical modification. There were detected significant and specific effects of the biochemical composition and material properties on the response of AF collagen network on laser irradiation. The results go in accordance with our hypothesis that the primary effect of laser influence on collagen network under tension is the mechanical damage of collagen fiber.

Regulation of miRNA Expression by Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) and Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)

“…To date, several mechanisms of biological action have been proposed, although none have been clearly established. These include augmentation of cellular ATP levels [18–20], manipulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity [21–25], suppression of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-alpha [19,26–28], IL-1beta [28–30], IL-6 [28,31–34] and IL-8 [28,31,32,35], upregulation of growth factors, such as PDGF, IGF-1, NGF and FGF-2 [30,36–38], alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential [39–42], due to chromophores found in the mitochondrial respiratory chain [43–45], stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activation [46], manipulation of NF-kappaB activation [47], induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [48,49], modification of extracellular matrix components [50], inhibition of apoptosis [39], stimulation of mast cell degranulation [51] and upregulation of heat shock proteins [52]. We have also proposed that LLLT influences cell differentiation following laser stimulation [53–55].…”

Lasers, stem cells, and COPD

“…These include augmentation of cellular ATP levels [29], manipulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity [30,31], suppression of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-8 [32-36], upregulation of growth factor production such as PDGF, IGF-1, NGF and FGF-2 [36-39], alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential [29,40-42] due to chromophores found in the mitochondrial respiratory chain [43,44] as reviewed in [45], stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activation [46], manipulation of NF-κB activation [47], direct bacteriotoxic effect mediated by induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [48], modification of extracellular matrix components [49], inhibition of apoptosis [29], stimulation of mast cell degranulation [50], and upregulation of heat shock proteins [51]. Unfortunately these effects have been demonstrated using a variety of LLL devices in non-comparable models.…”

Multimodal optical characterisation of collagen photodegradation by femtosecond infrared laser ablation

“…3,8,9 Collagen degradation mechanisms are therefore subject to extensive studies due to the potential impacts of tissue function loss as a result such treatment plan. 3,8,9 Collagen degradation mechanisms are therefore subject to extensive studies due to the potential impacts of tissue function loss as a result such treatment plan.…”

“…19,20 Nonlinear optical imaging techniques based on twophoton excited uorescence 21 and second harmonic generation (SHG) 22 are the most favourable high resolution imaging techniques for studying collagen. 3,8,14,[25][26][27] The primary aim of this study is to qualitatively and quantitatively characterise laser induced type I collagen denaturation using p-SHG, uorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM), SEM and Raman spectroscopy. 23 Furthermore, polarisation-resolved SHG (p-SHG) microscopy has been used as a quantitative tool for measuring collagen ber type and orientation in tissues.…”