Effects of laser irradiation on the mechanical response of polycrystalline titanium

Mahmood, Khaliq; Farid, Nagy A.; Ghauri, I. M.; Afzal, Naveed; Idrees, Yasir; Mubarik, Farrukh Ehtesham

doi:10.1088/0031-8949/82/04/045606

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Since the voltage controls the welding energy, an increase of voltage leads to a greater welding depth [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]17]. Chai and Chou [18] reported that pulse duration is not a significant factor to affect the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) or the Yield Strength (YS).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser beams are widely used for surface modification [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] because specific thermal characteristics induced by laser irradiation can generate specific microstructures including metastable phases and nano-crystalline grains. The convective fluxes and hydrodynamic instabilities inside the irradiated surface layers contribute to the heat transport to mix the ambient gas and molten metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser parameters have to be optimized in order to reduce defects and to optimize microstructure [12]. Morphology of the layers created and nature of the phases formed mostly depend on the laser beam overlapping [13], the nature of surrounding gas [4,8,[10][11], and the intensity of laser beam [10,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of surface treated cast titanium with Nd:YAG laser

Poulon-Quintin¹,

Watanabe²,

Watanabe³

et al. 2012

Dental Materials

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Objective: To investigate the effect of laser surface treatment of cast titanium alloy on microstructure and mechanical properties.Methods: Dumbbell-and plate-shaped cast titanium specimens were prepared for mechanical testing and microstructure analysis. After the cast surfaces of each specimen were laser-treated using a dental Nd:YAG laser machine at 240 V and 300 V with and without argon gas shielding, tensile testing and microstructure analysis were conducted.Hardness depth profiles were also made from the cross-section of laser-treated cast specimens. Microstructural and chemical analysis were performed by means of the SEM, XRD, AES and WDS.Results: The results of tensile testing and Vickers hardness depth profiling showed that laser treatment improved the mechanical properties. Bulk microstructure of as-cast titanium was mainly composed of α-grains with acicular and widmanstatten patterns.The laser melted zone was characterized by columnar beta grains. When the emission voltage of laser increased to 300 V, a larger grain size was promoted. The XRD analysis indicated that the beta phase formation was clearly noticeable after laser surface treatment. Supplementary marked peaks of the TiO, TiO 2 and Ti 2 N were detected without argon gas shielding. When argon shielding gas was used, the presence of titanium oxide was significantly reduced and the peaks of titanium nitride disappeared.Significance: Laser treatment on cast titanium surfaces showed significant enhancement of mechanical properties and modification of microstructures, and therefore could produce reliable titanium metal frameworks for dental prostheses.3

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of surface treated cast titanium with Nd:YAG laser

Poulon-Quintin¹,

Watanabe²,

Watanabe³

et al. 2012

Dental Materials

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“…The increase in the content of oxygen from 4.91 wt.% to a value of 21.52 wt.% is observed in case of deionized water, whereas less diffusion of oxygen (15.55 wt.%) but increase in content of carbon from 2.82 to 3.36 wt.% is observed in case of ethanol. Multipulse irradiation induced heating of Zr causes efficient diffusion of atomic oxygen/carbon into the target surface; therefore, oxides and carbides are formed [26]. For deionized water (Figure 5a), Raman peaks identified at 320, 337 cm −1 represents the Zr─Zr bond.…”

Section: Xrd Patterns Displayed Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For 2000 number of laser pulses, material segregates into distinct grains with average grain size of 3.26 μm and much wider grain boundaries (Figure 7e). Laser-induced heating and cooling, the temperature gradient, and laser-induced residual stresses are responsible for growth of such grains [26]. When the laser pulse is over, the molten material generated by fast heating is supercooled and acts as an effective heat sink that quickly removes any released latent heat and causes the crystal growth.…”

Section: Effect On Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Modifications of KrF Excimer Laser-Ablated Zirconium Correlated to the Surface and Mechanical Properties

Ali¹,

Umm-i-Kalsoom²,

Bashir³

et al. 2017

Laser Ablation - From Fundamentals to Applications

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The structural modifications of KrF excimer laser-ablated zirconium (Zr) have been investigated in correlation with its surface and mechanical properties after ablation in deionized water and ethanol. KrF excimer laser of pulse duration of 20 ns, wavelength of 248 nm, and repetition rate of 20 Hz has been utilized for this purpose. Irradiation of Zr was carried out for varying number of laser pulses ranging from 500 to 2000 for laser fluence value of 3.6 J/cm 2 . The structural and chemical analyses were performed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Vickers hardness tester were utilized for the analysis of surface morphology and hardness of laser-irradiated Zr targets. Presence of surrounding liquids played substantial role in structural, chemical, and mechanical modifications of Zr targets after irradiation. Pressure gradients and convective bubble motion owing to the confinement effects of the surrounding liquids, several thermal and chemical phenomena produced by heating through laser at the solid-liquid interface results in the generation of various hydrides and oxides of Zr, which are responsible for the development of various surface features and increase in hardness of irradiated Zr.

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Femtosecond Laser‐Texturing the Surface of Ti‐Based Implants to Improve Their Osseointegration Capacity

Lackington

Schweizer

Khokhlova

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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Ideally, dental implants should achieve rapid and maintain long-term mechanical stability, which is determined primarily by their integration into the underlying supporting bone. [3] This osseointegration capacity can be markedly improved through modifications of key surface properties, including roughness, wettability, oxide layer thickness, and surface chemistry. [4][5][6] Currently, anodization, sandblasting and acid-etching are widely used, individually or in combination, to modify the surface properties of dental implants. However, not only are these methods inherently limited by their stochastic nature but they can also introduce surface contaminants, which require additional post-process cleaning steps that increase overall fabrication time and cost. [7] Laser-texturing has emerged as a promising alternative for the treatment of Ti implant surfaces, offering several advantages, including increased control, precision and reproducibility, while reducing processing time and costs. [8,9] Recently, laser-texturing has shown the capacity to direct osteoblast attachment [10] and to improve the osseointegration potential of Ti implant surfaces in comparison to polished surfaces, with the caveat that their performance in comparison to rougher, more clinically relevant surfaces, is still unknown. [11] Lasertexturing offers the capacity to easily generate a wide range of micro-and nano-scale topographical features and patterns. [12] In particular, due to its short pulse duration, femtosecond (fs)In modern oral maxillofacial surgery, long-term implant stability is intrinsically linked to the quality of osseointegration. While the osseointegration capacity of implants can be improved by modifying their surface properties, commonly used techniques, including sandblasting and acid etching, are stochastic processes offering virtually zero capacity to control the uniformity and reproducibility of micro-and nano-scale surface features. In this study, titanium-aluminiumvanadium (TiAlV) implant surfaces are modified using femtosecond (fs) lasertexturing, and its influence on physicochemical properties, on blood-implant interactions, and on the osseointegration potential is investigated in vitro. Lasertexturing enables the production of designer surfaces with micro-scale features defined in size and arrangement. While state of the art TiAlV surfaces prepared by sandblasting with biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) show significant grain refinement at the near surface, fs laser-texturing preserves the grain size and enhances the microstrain and oxide layer thickness but also leads to 15% lower bulk fatigue in comparison to BCP treatment. Blood coagulation is similar on laser-textured and BCP surfaces, as is mineralization by human bone progenitor cells, albeit with a decreasing trend for laser-textured surfaces. Laser-texturing thus presents as a promising approach to create highly reproducible designer surfaces with biological performance comparable to state-of-the-art implants.

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Effects of laser irradiation on the mechanical response of polycrystalline titanium

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Microstructure and mechanical properties of surface treated cast titanium with Nd:YAG laser

Microstructure and mechanical properties of surface treated cast titanium with Nd:YAG laser

Structural Modifications of KrF Excimer Laser-Ablated Zirconium Correlated to the Surface and Mechanical Properties

Femtosecond Laser‐Texturing the Surface of Ti‐Based Implants to Improve Their Osseointegration Capacity

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