Effects of Laser-Beam Defocus on Microstructural Features of Compositionally Graded WC/Co-Alloy Composites Additively Manufactured by Multi-Beam Laser Directed Energy Deposition

Kunimine, Takahiro; Miyazaki, Ryusei; Yamashita, Yorihiro; Funada, Yoshinori

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-65429-8

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…To design MMC microstructures and evaluate laser beam defocus performance, a multi-beam LDED is used [ 44 ]. The cooling rate depends on the Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process parameters and correlates these cooling rates to the final material-based MAM [ 45 ].…”

Section: Other Important Applications Of Am and 3d-printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science and Technology of Additive Manufacturing Progress: Processes, Materials, and Applications

et al. 2023

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As a special review article, several significant and applied results in 3D printing and additive manufacturing (AM) science and technology are reviewed and studied. Which, the reviewed research works were published in 2020. Then, we would have another review article for 2021 and 2022. The main purpose is to collect new and applied research results as a useful package for researchers. Nowadays, AM is an extremely discussed topic and subject in scientific and industrial societies, as well as a new vision of the unknown modern world. Also, the future of AM materials is toward fundamental changes. Which, AM would be an ongoing new industrial revolution in the digital world. With parallel methods and similar technologies, considerable developments have been made in 4D in recent years. AM as a tool is related to the 4th industrial revolution. So, AM and 3D printing are moving towards the fifth industrial revolution. In addition, a study on AM is vital for generating the next developments, which are beneficial for human beings and life. Thus, this article presents the brief, updated, and applied methods and results published in 2020. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Other Important Applications Of Am and 3d-printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science and Technology of Additive Manufacturing Progress: Processes, Materials, and Applications

et al. 2023

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“…Unlike the usual DED of supplying powder to a focus, in thin-DED, the powder reacts with the laser beam first by supplying powder slightly above the focus or by a defocus. The remaining laser energy then reaches the base metal surface [95,96]. Thus, the laser energy to the melt pool is reduced, resulting in a thinner bonding zone, improved powder recovery, and faster deposition velocity.…”

Section: Powder Supplying Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing Evaporation Products for High-quality Metal Film in Directed Energy Deposition: A Review

Kim¹,

Jung²,

Jeong³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Directed Energy Deposition (DED) is a process that enables high-speed deposition with a sub-millimeter thickness using laser technology. Thus far, defect studies on additive manufacturing, including DED, have focused mostly on preventing pores and crack defects that reduce fatigue strength. On the other hand, evaporation products, fumes and spatters, generated by the high energy have often been neglected despite being some of the main causes of porosity and defects. In high-quality metal deposition, the problems caused by evaporation products are difficult to solve, but they have not yet caught the attention of metallurgists and physicists. This review examines the effect of the laser, material, and process parameters on the evaporation products to help obtain a high-quality metal film layer in thin-DED.

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“…Among AM technologies, the laser metal deposition (LMD) method is an innovative process that implements a laser as a precise and controlled heat source to melt powder materials and generate a cladding layer with a distinct composition on the substrate [10][11][12][13][14][15]. This method minimizes the thermal impact on the substrate and facilitates the formation of a specific localized cladding layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Evaluation of Cladding Beads and the Surrounding Area during the Laser Metal Deposition Process

Yamashita,

Ilman,

Kunimine

et al. 2023

JMMP

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Cracks usually generate during the formation of beads composed of a WC-12mass%Co cemented carbide by the laser metal deposition (LMD). Measuring temperatures of the formed bead and substrate during the LMD process is important for realizing crack-free beads. In this study, temperatures of the substrate around the formed bead during the LMD process were measured using a thermoviewer. Temperatures of the formed beads during the LMD process were predicted by simulation based on the thermal conduction analysis using the experimentally measured temperatures of the substrate. The experimental results obtained during forming the WC-12mass%Co cemented carbide beads on JIS SKH51 (ISO HS-6-5-2) substrates showed that the maximal temperatures of the substrates at 0.2 mm away from the center of the formed beads ranged from 229 °C to 341 °C at laser powers ranging from 80 W to 160 W. The predicted maximal temperatures of the formed beads were in the range of 2433 °C to 4491 °C in the simulation using a laser absorption coefficient of 0.35 for the substrate. Validity of these simulation results was discussed based on the melting point of the substrate and microstructures of the formed WC-12mass%Co cemented carbide beads.

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Effects of Laser-Beam Defocus on Microstructural Features of Compositionally Graded WC/Co-Alloy Composites Additively Manufactured by Multi-Beam Laser Directed Energy Deposition

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Science and Technology of Additive Manufacturing Progress: Processes, Materials, and Applications

Science and Technology of Additive Manufacturing Progress: Processes, Materials, and Applications

Preventing Evaporation Products for High-quality Metal Film in Directed Energy Deposition: A Review

Temperature Evaluation of Cladding Beads and the Surrounding Area during the Laser Metal Deposition Process

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