Effects of landforms on tsunami flow in the plains of Banda Aceh, Indonesia, and Nam Khem, Thailand

Umitsu, Masatomo; Tanavud, Charlchai; Patanakanog, Boonrak

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2006.10.030

Cited by 126 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In this context, the influence of small-scale topography -ridges and swales oriented in parallel direction to the coastline -was decisive for mud deposition, groundwater table and plant growth. Umitsu et al (2007) found that route and intensity of the tsunami backwash were mainly determined by microrelief on the beaches; during the sedimentation process, depressions were filled up with mud first (Rachman, 2008;Paris et al, 2007), as reflected in our study by alternating points of high and low salinity in the monitored transects (e.g. KT, SS).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Impacts of soil and groundwater salinization on tree crop performance in post-tsunami Aceh Barat, Indonesia

Marohn

Distel

Dercon

et al. 2012

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The Indian Ocean tsunami of December 2004 had far reaching consequences for agriculture in Aceh province, Indonesia, and particularly in Aceh Barat district, 150 km from the seaquake epicentre. In this study, the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of soil and groundwater salinity and their impact on tree crops were monitored in Aceh Barat from 2006 to 2008. On 48 sampling points along ten transects, covering 40 km of coastline, soil and groundwater salinity were measured and related to mortality and yield depression of the locally most important tree crops. Given a yearly rainfall of over 3000 mm, initial groundwater salinity declined rapidly from over 10 to less than 2 mS cm −1 within two years. On the other hand, seasonal dynamics of the groundwater table in combination with intrusion of saline water into the groundwater body led to recurring elevated salinity, sufficient to affect crops. Tree mortality and yield depression in the flooded area varied considerably between tree species. Damage to coconut (65 % trees damaged) was related to tsunami run-up height, while rubber (50 % trees damaged) was mainly affected by groundwater salinity. Coconut yields (−35 % in average) were constrained by groundwater Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ , while rubber yields (−65 % on average) were related to groundwater chloride, pH and soil sodium. These findings have implications on planting deeprooted tree crops as growth will be constrained by ongoing oscillations of the groundwater table and salinity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Impacts of soil and groundwater salinization on tree crop performance in post-tsunami Aceh Barat, Indonesia

Marohn

Distel

Dercon

et al. 2012

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The coastal area of the Andaman Sea was seriously affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami (Chavanich et al, 2005;Siripong, 2006;Szczuciński et al, 2006;Choowong et al, 2007;Goto et al, 2007;Umitsu et al, 2007). Since then, several studies (Di Geronimo et al, 2009;Sugawara et al, 2009;Feldens et al, 2009Feldens et al, , 2012 have focused on Table 1.…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal structure of event layers preserved on the Andaman Sea continental shelf, Thailand: tsunami vs. storm and flash-flood deposits

Sakuna-Schwartz

Feldens

Schwarzer

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Tsunami, storm and flash-flood event layers, which have been deposited over the last century on the shelf offshore Khao Lak (Thailand, Andaman Sea), are identified in sediment cores based on sedimentary structures, grain size compositions, Ti / Ca ratios and 210 Pb activity. Individual offshore tsunami deposits are 12 to 30 cm in thickness and originate from the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. They are characterized by (1) the appearance of sand layers enriched in shells and shell debris and (2) the appearance of mud and sand clasts. Storm deposits found in core depths between 5 and 82 cm could be attributed to recent storm events by using 210 Pb profiles in conjunction with historical data of typhoons and tropical storms. Massive sand layers enriched in shells and shell debris characterize storm deposits. The last classified type of event layer represents reworked flash-flood deposits, which are characterized by a fining-upward sequence of muddy sediment. The most distinct difference between storm and tsunami deposits is the lack of mud and sand clasts, mud content and terrigenous material within storm deposits. Terrigenous material transported offshore during the tsunami backwash is therefore an important indicator to distinguish between storm and tsunami deposits in offshore environments.

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“…The post-event surveys performed after the impact of the Indian Ocean Tsunami (IOT), occurred on December 26, 2004, have permitted to recognise morphological/sedimentological effects of its impact and, in the same time, to extend all obtained results on coastal sectors where similar evidences were recognised (e.g. Szczuciski et al, 2005;Kelletat et al, 2006Lavigne et al, 2006;Richmond et al, 2006;Paris et al, 2007Paris et al, , 2009Paris et al, , 2010Srinivasalu et al, 2007;Umitsu et al, 2007). In particular, it has been demonstrated that frequently the wave flow has been able to detach and scatter inland boulders of significant size and weight (Goto et al, 2009a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial Laser Scanner techniques in the assessment of tsunami impact on the Maddalena peninsula (south-eastern Sicily, Italy)

et al. 2012

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The coastline of the Maddalena peninsula (south-eastern Sicily, Italy) is characterised by the occurrence of a boulder field associated to an extended soil stripping area and by a gravel/sandy berm. The accumulation of the boulders has been mostly correlated to the impact of the December 28, 1908 tsunami wave. The use of Terrestrial Laser Scanner survey techniques, associated to Differential Global Position System determinations, permits to obtain new data for the assessment of tsunami impact on this coastal area. The computing of the surveyed data using the most recent equations is a useful tool in order to estimate the theoretic inundation limit and to reconstruct its variability in function of the boulders size and of the coastal topography. Moreover, the entire new data set allows to confirm that the hypothesis of the tsunami impact is the most reasonable to explain the occurrence of boulders weighing up to 50 tons on the Maddalena peninsula.

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Effects of landforms on tsunami flow in the plains of Banda Aceh, Indonesia, and Nam Khem, Thailand

Cited by 126 publications

References 12 publications

Impacts of soil and groundwater salinization on tree crop performance in post-tsunami Aceh Barat, Indonesia

Impacts of soil and groundwater salinization on tree crop performance in post-tsunami Aceh Barat, Indonesia

Internal structure of event layers preserved on the Andaman Sea continental shelf, Thailand: tsunami vs. storm and flash-flood deposits

Terrestrial Laser Scanner techniques in the assessment of tsunami impact on the Maddalena peninsula (south-eastern Sicily, Italy)

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