Effects of land dispossession and forced migration on Indigenous peoples in North America

Farrell, Justin; Burow, Paul Berne; McConnell, Kathryn; Bayham, Jude; Whyte, Kyle Powys; Koss, Gal

doi:10.1126/science.abe4943

Cited by 107 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In advancing the formation of protected areas, adequate historical analysis might have revealed these environments selected for protection were strongly influenced by trauma and, more importantly, that centuries of land modification and traditional practices by Indigenous communities was far more successful at species and habitat conservation than erecting fencing and arbitrary boundaries (Farrell et al. 2021 ). More broadly, the omission of stewardship by a group sets precedent for the present-day lack of awareness, oversimplification of issues, and the erasure of voices in decision-making (Wilson 1999 ).…”

Section: Overcoming Place-based Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Place-Based Bias in Environmental Scholarship Derived from Social–Ecological Landscapes of Fear

2022

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Historical perspectives (e.g., moments of social, political, and economic significance) are increasingly relevant for developing insights into landscape change and ecosystem degradation. However, the question of how to incorporate historical events into ecological inquiry is still under development, owing to the evolving paradigm of transdisciplinary thinking between natural science and the humanities. In the present article, we call for the inclusion of negative human histories (e.g., evictions of communities and environmental injustices) as important factors that drive landscape change and shape research questions relevant to environmental conservation. We outline the detrimental effects of conservationists not addressing negative human histories by likening this social phenomenon to the ecological concept of landscapes of fear, which describes how not acknowledging these histories produces a landscape that constrains where and how research is conducted by scientists. Finally, we provide three positive recommendations for scholars or practitioners to address the manifestation of historic place-based bias in ecological research. What we call the social–ecological landscapes of fear provides a conceptual framework for more inclusive practices in ecology to increase the success of environmental and conservation goals.

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Section: Overcoming Place-based Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Place-Based Bias in Environmental Scholarship Derived from Social–Ecological Landscapes of Fear

2022

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“…Indeed, the history of demands from the periphery for common but differentiated responsibility to include reparations is enfolded in the Report's rather vague phrase that at Copenhagen, 'disagreements on key issues and deep mistrust led to a flawed and weak deal ' (p. 179). This refusal to take seriously the material impact of settler-colonialism and colonization writ large (Farrell et al, 2021) does not make HDR 2020 exceptional, but rather the norm across climate resolutions of types one, two and three (Mitropoulos, 2020). Gestures towards US settler-colonial history now appear in a number of arenas, from the climate plans of US Democrat Elizabeth Warren 15 and US Representative Alexandra Ocasio-Cortez 16 to Naomi Klein's (2019) case for a 'Green New Deal'.…”

Section: Whose Development?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Everything Stays the Same while Everything Changes

Ajl¹

2022

Development and Change

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“…This is true of rural Native American communities, where poverty is two to three times higher than in white rural communities (Harvey, 2017). Land dispossession and forced migrations of indigenous peoples have culminated in scattered tribal governed lands having increased climate vulnerability and offering diminished economic opportunities (Figure 1; Farrell et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Bison Restoration as an Ecological Approach to Future Tribal Food Sovereignty on the Northern Great Plains

et al. 2022

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Future climate projections of warming, drying, and increased weather variability indicate that conventional agricultural and production practices within the Northern Great Plains (NGP) will become less sustainable, both ecologically and economically. As a result, the livelihoods of people that rely on these lands will be adversely impacted. This is especially true for Native American communities, who were relegated to reservations where the land is often vast but marginal and non-tribal operators have an outsized role in food production. In addition, NGP lands are expected to warm and dry disproportionately relative to the rest of the United States. It is therefore critical to identify models of sustainable land management that can improve ecological function and socio-economic outcomes for NGP communities, all while increasing resilience to a rapidly changing climate. Efforts led by Native American Nations to restore North American Plains bison (Bison bison bison) to tribal lands can bring desired socio-ecological benefits to underserved communities while improving their capacity to influence the health of their lands, their people, and their livelihoods. Ecological sustainability will depend on the restoration of bison herds and bison’s ability to serve as ecosystem engineers of North America’s Plains. The historically broad distribution of bison suggests they can adapt to a variety of conditions, making them resilient to a wide range of management systems and climates. Here we review bison’s ecological, cultural, and economic value using four case studies from tribal communities within the NGP. We discuss the potential contributions of bison to food sovereignty, sustainable economies, and conservation of a working landscape with limited protections and significant risk of conversion. The ecological role of bison within this setting has potential due to cultural acceptance and the vast availability of suitable lands; however, it is critical to address tribal needs for funding support, enhanced community capacity, and solving complex landownership for these goals to be achieved.

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Effects of land dispossession and forced migration on Indigenous peoples in North America

Cited by 107 publications

References 35 publications

Place-Based Bias in Environmental Scholarship Derived from Social–Ecological Landscapes of Fear

Place-Based Bias in Environmental Scholarship Derived from Social–Ecological Landscapes of Fear

Everything Stays the Same while Everything Changes

The Potential of Bison Restoration as an Ecological Approach to Future Tribal Food Sovereignty on the Northern Great Plains

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