Effects of Lake Size on Phytoplankton Photosynthesis

Fee, Everett; Shearer, J. A.; DeBruyn, E. R.; Schindler, E. U.

doi:10.1139/f92-270

Cited by 87 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Two key aspects of physical dimension are water depth (e.g. Harrison 1980, Fee et al 1992) and the ratio of hard periphyton substrate area to water volume (e.g. Hansson 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nutrient uptake in experimental estuarine ecosystems:scaling and partitioning rates

Chen¹,

Petersen²,

Kemp³

2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Studies of nutrient cycling and enrichment in aquatic ecosystems are commonly conducted in enclosed experimental ecosystems. Although there is considerable information about how the dimensions of natural aquatic ecosystems influence nutrient cycling processes, little is known on how nutrient cycling studies might be affected by the physical scales of experimental enclosures. In the present study, replicate (n = 3) cylindrical containers of 5 dimensions with 3 volumes (0.1, 1.0, 10 m3), 3 depths (0.46, 1.0, 2.15 m), and 5 diameters (0.35, 0.52, 1.13, 2.44, 3.57 m) were established and subjected to pulsed additions of dissolved inorganic nutrients (DIN, Pod3-, Si) in summer and autumn experiments. Consistent with common experimental protocols, walls of these containers were not cleaned of periphytic growth during the 8 wk studies. Nutrient concentrations in experimental ecosystems were low prior to nutrient-pulse additions and exhibited exponential depletion following treatments. Overall, larger containers had lower net uptake rates and higher nutrient concentrations than did smaller tanks. Relative contributions of planktonic, benthic and wall periphytic communities to total nutrient uptake varied in relation to dimensions of experimental systems. In general, net uptake rates by planktonic communities were inversely related to water depth, with higher rates associated with increased mean Light-energy in shallower systems. Indirect estimates of benthic uptake rates, which were relatively low in all but the shallowest systems, tended also to be inversely related to depth and directly proportional to light levels at the sediment surface. In contrast, nutrient uptake by wall communities (per water volume) was inversely related to the radius of experimental containers. Differences in the 2 container dimensions, depth and radius, accounted for more than 90 % of the variance in both net nutrient uptake by the whole ecosystem and the molar ratio of DIN/POd3-concentrations in the water column. Similarly, differences in net nutrient uptake rates among experimental ecosystems of different dimensions could be explained by the relative partition-, ing of rates among planktonic, periphytic, and benthic habitats. These results demonstrated that the physical dimensions of experimental ecosystems can have profound effects on measured nutrient dynamics. We also suggest that many of these experimental observations may be relevant also to more genera1 scaling relations for nutrient cycling in natural aquatic ecosystems.

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“…Two key aspects of physical dimension are water depth (e.g. Harrison 1980, Fee et al 1992) and the ratio of hard periphyton substrate area to water volume (e.g. Hansson 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In ponds and lakes, ecosystem size and morphometry strongly influence primary productivity, nutrient chemistry and partitioning between benthic and pelagic processes (e.g. Fee 1979, Patalas 1980, Fee et al 1992. .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient uptake in experimental estuarine ecosystems:scaling and partitioning rates

Chen¹,

Petersen²,

Kemp³

2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Schindler et al, 1996a;Xenopoulus and Schindler, 2001). Main components include the efficiency of nutrient recycling (Fee et al, 1992(Fee et al, , 1996, amount of photosynthetically active radiation in the mixed layer (Jones and Arvola, 1984;Fee et al, 1992), the vertical distribution of organisms (Arvola et al, 1992;Peeters et al, 2007), and the habitat volume available to cold stenotherms (Schindler et al, 1996a). In addition to direct physical forcing, the thermal stratification of lakes is controlled by complex interactions of several environmental factors such as wind fetch and lake size, basin morphometry, altitude, and water clarity/dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and chemical consequences of artificially deepened thermocline in a small humic lake – a paired whole-lake climate change experiment

Forsius

Saloranta

Арвола

et al. 2010

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Climate change with higher air temperatures and changes in cloud cover, radiation and wind speed alters the heat balance and stratification patterns of lakes. A paired whole-lake thermocline manipulation experiment of a small (0.047 km 2 ) shallow dystrophic lake (Halsjärvi) was carried out in southern Finland. A thermodynamic model (MyLake) was used for both predicting the impacts of climate change scenarios and for determining the manipulation target of the experiment. The model simulations assuming several climate change scenarios indicated large increases in the whole-lake monthly mean temperature (+1.4-4.4 • C in April-October for the A2 scenario), and shortening of the length of the ice covered period by 56-89 days. The thermocline manipulation resulted in large changes in the thermodynamic properties of the lake, and those were rather well consistent with the simulated future increases in the heat content during the summer-autumn season. The manipulation also resulted in changes in the oxygen stratification, and the expansion of the oxic water layer increased the spatial extent of the sediment surface oxic-anoxic interfaces. In addition, the experiment affected several other chemical constituents; concentrations of organic carbon, TotN, and NH 4 showed a statistically significant decrease, likely due to both changes in hydrological conditions during the experiment period and increased decomposition and sedimentation. In comparison with the results of a similar whole-lake manipulation experiment in a deep, oligotrophic, clear-watered lake in Norway, it is evCorrespondence to: M. Forsius (martin.forsius@ymparisto.fi) ident that shallow dystrophic lakes, common in the boreal region, are more sensitive to physical perturbations. This means that projected climate change may modify their physical and chemical conditions in the future.

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“…Open water also did not contain significantly higher DO than dense or edge habitat types, although it exhibited less-severe hypoxia than the vegetated sites. This suggests that adequate open water area must be maintained in order to influence DO via water circulation or phytoplankton in adjacent ecotonal habitat (Frodge et al 1990;Carter et al 1991;Fee et al 1992;Miranda & Hodges 2000). Although the sampled 'open water' area was absent of plants, it may not have met the minimum size needed for substantial water circulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal occurrence of hypoxia influences fish habitat quality in denseHydrilla verticillata

Bradshaw

Allen

Netherland

2014

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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The abundance and architecture of some macrophyte species can alter water chemistry and impact fish habitat quality and quantity. Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) is an invasive aquatic plant that exhibits rapid growth and may contribute to low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations (hypoxia, DO < 2.0 mg/L) during warm summer months. DO dynamics were evaluated at a range of spatial and temporal scales in three habitat types: open water, edge of hydrilla beds, and the dense interior of a hydrilla bed at two Florida lakes. Results showed that habitat type, month, and depth all significantly influenced DO, and 100% of the water column was hypoxic in late summer in the small lake. However, hydrilla biomass (kg/m 2 ) was much less and no hypoxia was detected in the larger lake, suggesting that lake morphology and size may influence the abundance and impacts of hydrilla on DO. Additionally, hypoxia in edge habitat indicates that increasing ecotone may not greatly influence DO concentrations unless substantial open water area adjacent to dense beds is maintained for adequate water cycling. Our results indicated that complete water column hypoxia occurred in one of our two sample lakes and only during late summer; thus, investigations of hypoxia should consider small spatial and temporal scales.

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Effects of Lake Size on Phytoplankton Photosynthesis

Cited by 87 publications

References 32 publications

Nutrient uptake in experimental estuarine ecosystems:scaling and partitioning rates

Nutrient uptake in experimental estuarine ecosystems:scaling and partitioning rates

Physical and chemical consequences of artificially deepened thermocline in a small humic lake – a paired whole-lake climate change experiment

Spatial and temporal occurrence of hypoxia influences fish habitat quality in denseHydrilla verticillata

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