Effects of Lactobacillus Plantarum and Lactobacillus Helveticus on Renal Insulin Signaling, Inflammatory Markers, and Glucose Transporters in High-Fructose-Fed Rats

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The excess consumption of fructose in the diet may cause metabolic syndrome, which is associated with an increased risk of kidney disease. There is limited data on probiotic treatment in high-fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. The present study aims to investigate whether the supplementation of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) and Lactobacillus helveticus (L. helveticus) could provide an improving effect on the renal insulin signaling effectors, inflammatory parameters, and glucose transporters in fructose-fed rats. Materials and Methods: The model of metabolic syndrome in male Wistar rats was produced by fructose, which was given as 20% solution in drinking water for 15 weeks. L. plantarum and L. helveticus supplementations were given by gastric gavage from 10 to 15 weeks of age. Results: High-fructose consumption in rats reduced renal protein expressions of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, protein kinase B (AKT), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which were improved by L. plantarum and partially by L. helveticus supplementations. Dietary fructose-induced elevations in renal tissue levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, as well as expression of IL-6 mRNA, were attenuated, especially in L. plantarum treated rats. The increased renal expression of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2), but not that of glucose transporter type-5 (GLUT5), was suppressed by the treatment with L. plantarum. Conclusion: Suppression in insulin signaling pathway together with the induction of inflammatory markers and upregulation of SGLT2 in fructose-fed rats were improved by L. plantarum supplementation. These findings may offer a new approach to the management of renal dysregulation induced by dietary high-fructose.

Meta-Analysis: Randomized Trials of Lactobacillus plantarum on Immune Regulation Over the Last Decades

“…The results showed that intake of L. plantarum significantly reduced the TNF-α level, which is in conformity with a previous study showing the supplementation of L. plantarum lowered the TNF-α concentration in male Wistar rats having metabolic syndrome ( 40 ). In addition, ingesting L. plantarum C4 could inhibit TNF-α production in male BALB/c mice after moderate physical exercise ( 41 ).…”

Effect of Insulin on Proximal Tubules Handling of Glucose: A Systematic Review

“…Other corroborating evidences are the increased inflammatory markers (NF-κB, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-10) reported in cortical tissues of murine diabetes models [201][202][203], HK2 cell cultures under high glucose environment (NF-κB) [204], and cortical portions of T2D patients (NF-κB) [202]. These elevated markers were associated with disrupted insulin signalling characterized by high FOXO1 and reduced AKT [202], PPARγ, and ISRS1 [201,203] but maintained ISR2 levels [201]. Increased renal gluconeogenesis [202], as expected, and reduced GLUT2 [203] were also associated with enhanced inflammatory markers.…”

“…It was reported that insulin raises SGLT2 protein availability and activity independently of glucose and additionally regulates SGLT2i bioavailability [140][141][142]. Differences in IRec density along the nephron [46] and in the type of IRS expressed in diverse tubule segments, or the same segment but under distinct insulin sensitivity [27,191,[199][200][201]203], point to a renal site-specific selective insulin action and, possibly, to a spatial selective insulin resistance.…”

The Influence of Probiotic Supplementation on Depressive Symptoms, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress Parameters and Fecal Microbiota in Patients with Depression Depending on Metabolic Syndrome Comorbidity—PRO-DEMET Randomized Study Protocol

“…The above strains have been studied in experimental and animal models [ 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ] as well as a few clinical studies assessing the functioning of microbiota–gut–brain axis, both in healthy subjects and depressed patients [ 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 ]. Moreover, in an animal model of MetS elevations in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, as well as expression of IL-6 mRNA, were attenuated in L. helveticus -treated rats [ 84 ]. Additionally, recent evidence suggests that intestinal Bifidobacterium species (spp.)…”