Effects of L-proline on the Growth Performance, and Blood Parameters in Weaned Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged Pigs

Abstract

This trail was conducted to study the effect of L-proline on the growth performance, and blood parameter in the weaned lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged pigs. Thirty six pigs (9.13±0.85 kg) were assigned randomly to dietary treatments in a 2×3 factorial arrangement in a 20-d growth assay. Factors were intraperitoneal injection with saline or LPS, and three dietary L-proline supplement levels (0%, 0.5%, or 1.0%). On d 10, blood samples were collected at 3 h after LPS (100 μg LPS/kg body weight [BW]) or saline injection. On d 20 of the trial, all pigs were orally administrated D-xylose (0.1 g/kg BW) at 2 h, and blood samples were collected at 3 h after LPS or saline injection. As a result, dietary supplementation with 0.5% proline had a tendency to increase average daily gain (ADG) in piglets during d 10 to 20 (p = 0.088). Without LPS challenge, dietary supplementation with 1.0% proline had no effect on growth hormone (GH) concentrations on d 10 (p>0.05), but decreased it after LPS challenge (p<0.05). There was LPS challenge×proline interaction for GH concentrations on d 10 (p<0.05). Dietary supplementation with 1.0% proline decreased glucagon concentration on d 10 after LPS challenge (p<0.05). In addition, dietary supplementation with proline increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity significantly on d 10 and 20 (p<0.05), and 1.0% proline increased heat shock proteins-70 concentration on d 10 (p<0.05). Moreover, proline supplementation increased diamine oxidase (DAO) concentrations after LPS challenge (p<0.05). There was LPS challenge×proline interaction for DAO (p<0.05). Furthermore, dietary supplementation with 1.0% proline increased the D-xylose level when no LPS challenge (p<0.05). These results indicate that proline supplementation could improve growth performance, increase SOD activities, and has a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract digestibility in early weaned pigs.

Dietary soy isoflavone attenuated growth performance and intestinal barrier functions in weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide

“…We found that LPS challenge induced growth retardation, and soy isoflavone help attenuated the inhibition of growth performance by LPS at days 7-14. This was in accordance with previous studies that LPS caused loss of body weight and decrease of feed intake [19,23], while supplementation of genistein or daidzein significantly increased the food intake [24]. Previous studies have also revealed that dietary daidzein supplementation improved ADG, ADFI, and G:F of weaned pigs under porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus challenge [15], while genistein increased ADG and ADFI of weaned pigs postinoculation of PRRS virus [25].…”

Dietary Glutamate Supplementation Ameliorates Mycotoxin-Induced Abnormalities in the Intestinal Structure and Expression of Amino Acid Transporters in Young Pigs

“…In conclusion, treatment of pigs with mold-contaminated feed has adverse effects on growth performance, structure of the intestine (histology, morphology and barrier function), and serum amino acid profile. Glutamate likes other functional amino acids can improve animal health [60] – [77] . Dietary supplementation with glutamate partially counteracts the impairments induced by mycotoxins.…”

Functions and Signaling Pathways of Amino Acids in Intestinal Inflammation

“…Glu effectively regulates oxidative stress and intestinal injury in piglets treated with the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DNO) [ 104 ]. Pro supplementation has crucial roles in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of IECs, increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and expressions of TJPs [ 105 , 106 ]. Dietary supplementation of Pro exerts advantageous immune-stimulatory functions in the mice immunized with inactivated Pasteurella multocida (Pm) [ 107 ].…”