Effects of kaolinite on thermal, mechanical, fire behavior and their mechanisms of intumescent flame-retardant polyurea

Sun, Yaru; Yang, Pingping; Sun, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.109842

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…On the one hand, this is due to the complete removal of ligands during the evolution of ZIF-67 into nano-Co 3 O 4 , while the ligands facilitate the enhancement of the compatibility between the filler and the polyurea matrix. On the other hand, the agglomeration problem of nano-Co 3 O 4 affects the continuity of the matrix and forms many stress concentration points, which can easily trigger the generation of cracks . In addition, the Shore hardness of PUA composites is slightly improved due to the introduction of the rigid flame-retardant filler (Table S10).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the agglomeration problem of nano-Co 3 O 4 affects the continuity of the matrix and forms many stress concentration points, which can easily trigger the generation of cracks. 7 In addition, the Shore hardness of PUA composites is slightly improved due to the introduction of the rigid flame-retardant filler (Table S10).…”

Section: Dispersion Behavior and Mechanicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyurea (PUA) is a polymer elastomer generated by the reaction of an isocyanate component and an amino compound component. Polyurea elastomers have excellent corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and wear resistance, and they are widely utilized in marine anticorrosion, building waterproofing, and equipment protection. − However, as with other polymeric materials, the poor fire retardancy of PUA poses a potential smoke hazard especially in high-temperature environments. − Adding flame retardants (FRs) to the polymer matrix is one of the most effective strategies for improving the fire safety of composites. − Heat and smoke toxicity released from the polymer decomposition are considered the primary factors contributing to fire hazards. , Numerous FRs have been designed and function well in fire safety, especially for the suppression of combustion heat . However, there are a few reports of FRs designed for smoke suppression characteristics. − Therefore, more attention should be devoted to the design of functional FRs with both flame-retardant and smoke suppression properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Gas-Steamed Route to Mesoporous Open Metal–Organic Framework Cages Enhancing Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Polyurea

Song,

Bi,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Up to now, metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) with open nanostructures have shown outstanding capabilities in trapping smoke particles compared to the original MOFs. However, only a few MOF-based strategies have been reported to synthesize hierarchical porous cages thus far, which are mainly restricted to environmentally unfriendly wet-chemical liquid methods. Herein, as a proof-ofconcept, a gas-steamed metal−organic framework approach was designed to fabricate a series of cheeselike open cages with hierarchical porosity. Briefly, zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) and phytic acid were employed as precursor and etchant, respectively. Abandoning the conventional wet-chemical method, the coordination bond of ZIF-67 was cleaved by acidic steam, forming an open framework with a high specific surface area and a hierarchical porous structure. The universality of this method was also confirmed by the selection of different etchants. Impressively, they also show outstanding fume-toxic adsorption capability and labyrinth effects based on abundant and complex porous channels. At only 5 wt % loading, Co 3 O 4 @open ZIF-67 cage-2 (Co 3 O 4 @OZC-2) imparted polyurea (PUA) composites with a 21.2% limiting oxygen index, and the peak of heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke production were reduced by around 37.5, 25.5, and 40.4%, respectively, compared to neat PUA. This work will shed light on the advanced structural design of polymer composites with high fire safety, especially smoke suppression performance, so as to obtain more feasible applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dispersion Behavior and Mechanicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Gas-Steamed Route to Mesoporous Open Metal–Organic Framework Cages Enhancing Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Polyurea

Song,

Bi,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Moreover, non-flammable products like AlO, SiO 2 , and H 2 O are encouraged to enhance residual weight, proving that kaolin acts as a synergist to influence gaseous phase products from thermal decomposition. 28 Furthermore, the presence of nanographite in the prepared matrix shift thermal stability to higher values, due to fillers acting as thermal barriers, this may be explained by the uniform dispersion of nanographite in the composites together with their tortuous path, which, in contrast to HDPE, hinders oxygen and volatile breakdown products from diffusing through them. The TGA results demonstrate the good thermal stability of these polymer nanocomposites, especially with increasing filler loadings.…”

Section: Characterization Of Kaolin and Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the physico-mechanical, thermal and electrical conductivity of gamma irradiated HDPE/kaolin/graphite nanocomposite

Elnaggar

Fathy

Raslan

2023

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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In this article, the effect of irradiation dose and incorporated nanoparticles of kaolin (K) and graphite (G) on the lattice structure, thermal analysis, electrical conductivity, morphology, and mechanical properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) were studied. Infrared spectroscopy analysis (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize and prove the nanostructure of kaolin and graphite. Subsequently, HDPE was reinforced with a fixed percentage of nanokaolin at 3 phr and different contents of nanographite at 2 and 4 phr via melt-mixing and then molded by the hot press to sheets of suitable thickness. The fabricated sheets will be exposed to various gamma radiation doses at 50, 100, and 150kGy to investigate the impact of ionizing radiation on the prepared nanocomposites. It was found that the presence of a fixed percent of nanokaolin and graphite nanoparticles at 2 phr inside the HDPE matrix improved various properties of the prepared nanocomposites. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of nanokaolin with nanographite and irradiation doses led to the improved crystal structure, thermal analysis, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of HDPE nanocomposites.

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“…Polyurea composites with reinforced POSS and other nanoparticles have been reported to provide the desired combination of thermal properties/fire-resistance and mechanical strength. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] On the application side, these coatings get subjected to a variety of environmental conditions, including natural sunlight, during their service period. Therefore, it is pertinent to evaluate the extent of degradation of these polyurea protective layers under the deleterious effects of ambient environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of UV induced tensile properties deterioration and chemical aging of polyurea–POSS composites

Pal

Al‐Ostaz

et al. 2022

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation present in natural sunlight degrades the chemical and mechanical properties of polymeric matrices in composites. Polyurea possess a unique set of chemical and mechanical properties due to its complex microstructure comprising of hard and soft segments (phases). The primary objective of the work presented here is to characterize the chemical and mechanical degradation of pure polyurea and polyurea - polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanocomposites subjected to UV radiation exposure for 45 days. Control specimen in as-received condition (reference specimen) and UV-aged tensile test specimen are tested in the study. Analysis of Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectra for UV-aged polyurea and polyurea-POSS composites reveals that the addition of POSS nanoparticles accelerate the deterioration of polyurea matrix by breaking the hard phase network and altering the mechanism of degradation for the soft phase present in polyurea microstructure. The deterioration of hard and soft segments cause a significant reduction in tensile properties of polyurea-POSS composites.

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Effects of kaolinite on thermal, mechanical, fire behavior and their mechanisms of intumescent flame-retardant polyurea

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

A Gas-Steamed Route to Mesoporous Open Metal–Organic Framework Cages Enhancing Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Polyurea

A Gas-Steamed Route to Mesoporous Open Metal–Organic Framework Cages Enhancing Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Polyurea

Assessment of the physico-mechanical, thermal and electrical conductivity of gamma irradiated HDPE/kaolin/graphite nanocomposite

Experimental study of UV induced tensile properties deterioration and chemical aging of polyurea–POSS composites

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