Effects of kamikihi-to, a Chinese traditional medicine, on various cholinergic biochemical markers in the brains of aged rats.

Egashira, Toru; Sudo, Shinji; Murayama, Fumie; Kono, Takuya; Kudo, Yoshikuni; Goto, Shinichiro; Takayama, Fusako; Yamanaka, Yasumitsu

doi:10.1254/fpj.98.4_273

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Furthermore, on histopathology KKT improved axonal and presynaptic degeneration inside amyloid plaques in the frontal cortex [20]. Moreover, long-term administration of KKT improved learning performance in a mouse model of accelerated senescence, and increased both muscarinic receptor density and ChAT activity in aged rats [21,22]. Single oral KKT dose in rats reduced the spatial memory impairment induced by scopolamine or delta-tetrahydrocannabinol [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of donepezil and kamikihito combination therapy on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: Retrospective study

Ishida

2016

Traditional & Kampo Medicine

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Aim: Kamikihito (KKT) is a herbal drug used in traditional Japanese medicine (kampo medicine) to treat psychological symptoms such as insomnia, restlessness, and fear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the combination of KKT extract and donepezil (DPZ) on the cognitive function of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: The effect of this combination therapy (CBT) was analyzed retrospectively using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). AD patients were treated with DPZ (5 mg/day). Those with psychological symptoms, such as insomnia, were also given the KKT extract (7.5 g/day), beginning 3 months after the initiation of DPZ. Results: Medical records of patients who visited the outpatient department for the first time between May 2010 and January 2013 were retrospectively evaluated, and six patients from each group selected as candidates for this study. Changes in total MMSE score for the DPZ and CBT groups were unremarkable until 6 months; at 12 months the scores were markedly, but non-significantly, different: cognitive function was maintained in the CBT group while it deteriorated in the DPZ group. On MMSE subscale analysis, delayed memory recall score in the CBT group was sustained in a statistically significant manner. Conclusion: CBT may prolong the effect of DPZ and, thus, CBT may be more beneficial than monotherapy using DPZ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of donepezil and kamikihito combination therapy on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: Retrospective study

Ishida

2016

Traditional & Kampo Medicine

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“…Kamikihito improved autonomic nervous system disruption in the stress caused by alteration of rhythm in temperature model. 6 One report indicated that Kamikihito enhanced some cholinergic biochemical markers in the aged rat brain, 7 whereas others suggest that Kamikihito acts by potentiating γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity by increasing benzodiazepine receptor binding 8 or by changing dopamine D1 and serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor binding. 9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kamikihito improves cancer-related fatigue by restoring balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Tamada

Ebisu

Yasuda

et al. 2018

Prostate International

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BackgroundCancer-related fatigue is one of the most prevalent symptoms that patients with cancer experience, but the mechanisms underlying it are unknown. We aimed to quantify and mechanistically evaluate the improvement in fatigue related to administration of the Kampo medicine, Kamikihito.Materials and methodsInitially, we recruited outpatients with urological diseases and compared fatigue levels of 37 patients with cancer with a control group of 23 volunteers who had recovered completely from cancer or who were being treated for dysuria. Fatigue level was estimated using an autonomic function analyzer. Then, Kamikihito was administered to another 35 patients treated with hormone or antitumor therapy for prostate cancer and metastatic renal cell cancer. Subjective fatigue and other problems of the patients were assessed using the Chalder fatigue scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale, and the Epworth sleepiness scale. Serum levels of derivatives of reactive oxygen species and biological antioxidant potential were also measured.ResultsPatients in the cancer treatment group experienced more fatigue compared with the control patients when evaluated using an autonomic function analyzer. The group of 35 patients who were administered Kamikihito showed improved scores for fatigue, depression, and sleepiness. Autonomic nervous system balance was also improved with Kamikihito administration. The Kamikihito group also had significantly lower reactive oxygen species metabolite levels and significantly higher antioxidant potential.ConclusionsFatigue was more serious in patients with cancer than in control patients. Kamikihito rescued this fatigue and improved anxiety and sleepiness. It restored autonomic nervous system balance and antioxidant function.

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“…Kamikihi-to (KKT), a traditional medicine, has been widely used for treating insomnia, anaemia, amnesia, palpitations and neurosis. It has been reported to increase both the muscarinic receptor density and choline acetyltransferase (ChaT) activity (Egashira et al, 1991). Chronic administration of KKT has also been reported to improve passive and conditioned avoidance performance impairment in the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM) (Nishizawa et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kamikihi‐to, a Kampo medicine, Ameliorates impairment of spatial memory in rats

Egashira

Manome

Kurauchi

et al. 2006

Phytotherapy Research

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The present study investigated the effects of Kamikihi-to (KKT), a Kampo medicine, on impairment of spatial memory in rats using an eight-arm radial maze task. Scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.), a non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist, and Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 6 mg/kg, i.p.), a principal psychoactive component of marihuana, each markedly impaired the spatial memory. KKT (1 and 3 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly improved the scopolamine-induced impairment of spatial memory. KKT (30 mg/kg, p.o.) also improved significantly the THC-induced impairment of spatial memory. Moreover, KKT (3 and 30 mg/kg, p.o.) enhanced tremors induced by oxotremorine, a muscarinic M(1) receptor agonist. Taken together these findings suggest that KKT is a useful drug for treating memory deficits.

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Effects of kamikihi-to, a Chinese traditional medicine, on various cholinergic biochemical markers in the brains of aged rats.

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of donepezil and kamikihito combination therapy on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: Retrospective study

Effect of donepezil and kamikihito combination therapy on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: Retrospective study

Kamikihito improves cancer-related fatigue by restoring balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Kamikihi‐to, a Kampo medicine, Ameliorates impairment of spatial memory in rats

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