Effects of Jaundice and Phototherapy on Gastric Emptying in the Newborn

Costalos, Christos; Russell, G. F. M.; Bistarakis, L.; Pangali, A.; Philippidou, A

doi:10.1159/000242034

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These data suggest that BRT could prevent superoxide-induced NO degradation and increase NO-induced relaxation. These findings are also supported by reduced gastric emptying in moderately jaundiced (233-332 M, 13.6 -19.4 mg/dl) term infants versus nonjaundiced infants, an effect normalized after phototherapy (27). Although gastric emptying was only affected at very high bilirubin concentrations in infants, adults with GS may also demonstrate delayed gastric emptying com-pared with non-GS control subjects[Méndez-Sánchez et al (63); Table 1].…”

Section: Potential Negative Consequences Of Benign Hyperbilirubinemiamentioning

confidence: 83%

Bilirubin acts as a multipotent guardian of cardiovascular integrity: more than just a radical idea

Bulmer

Bakrania

Toit

et al. 2018

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Bilirubin, a potentially toxic catabolite of heme and indicator of hepatobiliary insufficiency, exhibits potent cardiac and vascular protective properties. Individuals with Gilbert's syndrome (GS) may experience hyperbilirubinemia in response to stressors including reduced hepatic bilirubin excretion/increased red blood cell breakdown, with individuals usually informed by their clinician that their condition is of little consequence. However, GS appears to protect from all-cause mortality, with progressively elevated total bilirubin associated with protection from ischemic heart and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Bilirubin may protect against these diseases and associated mortality by reducing circulating cholesterol, oxidative lipid/protein modifications, and blood pressure. In addition, bilirubin inhibits platelet activation and protects the heart from ischemia-reperfusion injury. These effects attenuate multiple stages of the atherosclerotic process in addition to protecting the heart during resultant ischemic stress, likely underpinning the profound reduction in cardiovascular mortality in hyperbilirubinemic GS. This review outlines our current knowledge of and uses for bilirubin in clinical medicine and summarizes recent progress in revealing the physiological importance of this poorly understood molecule. We believe that this review will be of significant interest to clinicians, medical researchers, and individuals who have GS.

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Section: Potential Negative Consequences Of Benign Hyperbilirubinemiamentioning

confidence: 83%

Bilirubin acts as a multipotent guardian of cardiovascular integrity: more than just a radical idea

Bulmer

Bakrania

Toit

et al. 2018

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…The daily median (range) feed volume was 167 (150-235) ml/kg/day given at two, three, or four hourly intervals. The median (range) feed volume was 21 (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) mllkg. Feeds were administered by nasogastric tube over a median (range) period of 6 (3-12) minutes.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric emptying in preterm infants.

Ewer

Durbin

Morgan

et al. 1994

Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed

138

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technique has been used successfully in preterm infants in our department4 and has been validated against radioisotope measurements in adults.5 The technique is based on serial measurements of the cross sectional area of the gastric antrum (ACSA) as it fills and empties during and after a feed.Using this method we compared the emptying rates of maternal breast milk and a whey based formula milk (Cow and Gate Premium). In addition to other well recognised benefits, breast milk may have additional advantages with respect to more rapid gastric emptying than formula milk. In the only previous study,6 however, a potentially unphysiological marker dilution technique was used and the infants were not studied in a blind, cross over manner. Moreover, most patients studied only received a single milk type. As gastric emptying shows large interindividual variability this makes comparisons between milk type less informative. We have therefore used serial ultrasound measurements of the ACSA as a means of comparing, within individuals, the gastric emptying of expressed breast milk with a whey based formula, and of assessing the reproducibility of the technique.

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“…It has been speculated that delayed gastric emptying might predispose to lactobezoar formation (3,4,12). Healthy preterm infants appear to have a gastric emptying rate similar to that of full-term infants (15), but certain neonatal diseases such as jaundice and respiratory distress syndrome have been shown to be associated with delayed gastric emptying (15,16). Preterm infants are also frequently nursed in supine position, which has been shown to be associated with delayed gastric emptying (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%