Effects of isotopic composition, temperature, pressure, and dissolved gases on the density of liquid water

Abstract

A review is made of measurements of the effect of temperature, pressure, isotopic composition, and dissolved atmospheric gases on the density of liquid water at temperatures to 100 <,~/C. The molar volume is expanded as a multiple power series in the variables, and the coefficientEi determined. A number of gaps become evident in our knowledge of properties that are within the capacity of current measurements. For example, there appears to be no measurement of the effect of oxygen isotopes on the compressibility. Data o~ the thermal expansion of D20 are strikingly inconsistent. The partial molar volumes of dissolved gases are only sketchily known. At O, __ 6)(~'~ equilibration with the oxygen, nitrogen, and argon of the atmosphere lowers the density about 3 p.p.m., while atmospheric carbon dioxide raises it about 0.3 p.p.m. Appendix I discusses the care needed to obtain various degrees of precision in practical density measurements, and the effect of isotopic uncertainties on them. Appendix II treats the representation of the equation of ' state of water at slightly higher pressures~

Solubility of gases in liquids. 22. High-precision determination of Henry’s law constants of oxygen in liquid water fromT=274 K toT=328 K

“…of oxygen dissolved in water are rather scarce, (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31) with the most precise and extensive measurements being reported by Bignell: (30) this author determined the partial molar volume of oxygen at infinite dilution in liquid water in the temperature range 273.15 K to 294.15 K using a magnetic float method. His results indicate a minimum at T = 290.36 K, and are best represented by…”

Temperature Dependence on Structure and Self-Diffusion of Water: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study using SPC/E Model

“…Two sets of experimental measures 37,48,49 for D of water are also listed in Table 1 In Figure 6, we compared D obtained from our MD simulations with the experimental data as a function of inverse temperature. The overall MD results underestimates D except at 300 K and the deviation increases with increasing temperature, 5% (350 K), 17% (400 K), 24% (450 K), and 25% (500 K), when compared D(MSD) with Ewald summation to D(Exp1) in Table 1.…”

Effect of Dissolved Air on the Density and Refractive Index of Water

“…Kell [11] attempted to model this effect based on the solubilities and partial molar volumes of individual atmospheric gases. Recent improvements in these underlying data offer the opportunity to improve significantly on Kell's calculations.…”