Effects of ischaemic stress on leukocyte activation processes in patients with chronic peripheral occlusive arterial disease: role of l -propionyl carnitine administration

Signorelli, Salvatore Santo; Malaponte, Grazia; Pino, Luigi Di; Digrandi, Daniele; Pennisi, Giovanni; Mazzarino, María Clorinda

doi:10.1006/phrs.2001.0863

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In 15 patients with IC, exercise-induced increases in serum levels of E-selectin, P-selectin, L-selectin, and other chemokines were significantly reduced with the administration of oral propionyl L-carnitine 2 g/day for 2 months [51]. In a more recent study [52], a single intravenous (i.v.)…”

Section: Pharmacodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Propionyl L-carnitine provides protection from the effects of oxidative stress and inflammation in ischemic tissue endothelium by reducing the plasma release of leukocyteendothelial adhesion cells [51,52], improving arteriolar function [53], and increasing arterial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) [52]. In 15 patients with IC, exercise-induced increases in serum levels of E-selectin, P-selectin, L-selectin, and other chemokines were significantly reduced with the administration of oral propionyl L-carnitine 2 g/day for 2 months [51].…”

Section: Pharmacodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Propionyll-carnitine: intermittent claudication and peripheral arterial disease

2009

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy

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Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a clinical manifestation of underlying aorto-iliac and leg atherosclerosis that is characterized by different stages of stenosis and obstruction. It affects approximately 12% of the adult population and about 20% of people over the age of 70 years, and is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) and cerebrovascular morbidity. Intermittent claudication (IC) is the major symptom of PAD; it is defined as cramping leg pain (in the buttock, thigh, or calf) while/after clim bing one or two flights of stairs, or during walking. The goals of IC management are to: slow the progression of local and systemic atherosclerosis, prevent major fatal and nonfatal CV events (myocardial infarction and stroke), improve walking capacity, prevent and reduce resting pain and cutaneous lesions. Propionyl L-carnitine is an acyl derivative of levocarnitine (L-carnitine) and is indicated for patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. It corrects secondary muscle carnitine deficiency in patients with PAD, significantly improving the walking capacity; it is a free radical that produces positive effects on endothelial function; it protects from oxidative stress; and it enhances most measures of quality of life. The recent Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II update recommends the use of propionyl L-carnitine in combination with physical training to improve the symptoms associated with PAD.

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Section: Pharmacodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Pharmacodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propionyll-carnitine: intermittent claudication and peripheral arterial disease

2009

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy

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“…In another study, L-carnitine enhanced the effects of vasodilators in isolated bovine arteries (Bettini et al 1990). A vasoactive effect of L-carnitine is also evident in clinical studies: In patients with peripheral vascular disease, L-carnitine administration enhances the hyperemic response after ischaemia (Brevetti et al 1989) and increases the walking distance (Brevetti et al 1988;Signorelli et al 2001). In patients with coronary artery disease, L-carnitine intake increases the coronary blood flow during exercise (Fujiwara et al 1991) and prolongs exercise duration before ischaemic ECG changes occur (Bartels et al 1996;Cherchi et al 1985;Lagioia et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

l-Carnitine and the recovery from exhaustive endurance exercise: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

et al. 2005

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We hypothesised that L: -carnitine could accelerate recovery from exhaustive exercise since increased blood L: -carnitine concentrations elicit a vasodilation in isolated animal vessels as well as in patients with peripheral vascular or coronary artery disease during exercise. Twelve subjects received either 2 g L: -carnitine or a placebo in a study which was double-blind and crossover in design. Two hours after administration, the subjects performed a constant-load exercise test (CET(1)) cycling at their individual anaerobic threshold to exhaustion. Three hours later this test was repeated (CET(2)). After 4-14 days, each subject performed the same cycling tests after having taken the other substance. Exercise times of the 12 subjects were identical with L: -carnitine (CET(1): 21.3+/-5.7 min; CET(2): 21.4+/-5.3 min) and placebo (CET(1): 21.9+/-6.2 min; CET(2): 20.4+/-4.8 min). Also, heart rate, oxygen consumption, respiratory exchange ratio, and blood lactate concentration were identical. In conclusion, 2 g of L-carnitine taken 2 h before a first of two constant-load exercise tests had no influence on the second tests performed 3 h after the first test compared with placebo.

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“…Such abnormalities determine a marked decrease in the content of carnitine [1], a substance normally acting as the carrier molecule in the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the mitocondria, thus improving energy production and muscle metabolism [2,3]. Moreover, carnitine improves endothelial function [4] by reducing leukocyte activation [5] and oxidative stress [6,7]. All these effects may mediate beneficial effects of LPC in patients suffering from intermittens claudication, as shown in a number of multicenter studies demonstrating an increase in pain-free walking distance (PFWD) and in maximum walking distance (MWD), hence an improvement in the patient's quality of life [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%