Effects of Irrigation on Water Quality

Hotes, Frederick L.; Pearson, Erman A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-021588-4.50027-0

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Water quality can also change during conveyance and application. Salinity, in particular, often gives problems (Hotes & Pearson, 1977;Falkenmark, 1984;Biswas et al, 1980). Increased salinity may also increase as a result of drainage upstream (Holburt, 1972) and the costs thereof can be very high (Stamm, 1975).…”

Section: Ecological Principles Related To Irrigation Developmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In general, the chemical quantity of water deteriorates with age (Silvey, 1968), and this may reduce crop yields downstream as experienced in California and Egypt, but these effects are usually slight (Hotes & Pearson, 1977). Water quality can also change during conveyance and application.…”

Section: Ecological Principles Related To Irrigation Developmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…-Undue and incomplete cognizance has often been taken of important ecological factors such as interactions between soils and crops, water disposal and drainage, and pollution. Water quality often changes during storage because of physical, chemical and biological properties of impoundments (Symons et al, 1965;Silvey, 1968;Hotes & Pearson, 1977;Yost & Nancy, 1975). Water quality may also change during conveyance (Hotes & Pearson, 1977;Jenke, 1974;Pels & Stannard, 1977;Biswas et al, 1980;Falkenmark, 1984;Kovda, 1977).…”

Section: Constraints To Irrigation Developmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Irrigation: Research and development∗

Groenewald

1986

Development Southern Africa

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Some main features of proceedings of a 1985 workshop are presented. In Africa, irrigation has had limited success, and there have been many costly failures. Bureaucratic ineptitude, inadequate farmer incentives and participation, and gigantism are important causes. Technical, institutional and socio-economic constraints complicate irrigation planning and development. Hydro-agricultural projects have political, social, economic and 'grey area' objectives. Various ecological effects have in the past received insufficient attention. Crop and input selection should be based on the marginal principles of scarcity. In the long run, farmer settlement should veer towards individual tenure, although mixed modes can play a useful role. Water pricing systems should be adjusted to local conditions. Research should increasingly involve existing dynamic models as well as models still to be developed.

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Section: Ecological Principles Related To Irrigation Developmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Ecological Principles Related To Irrigation Developmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Constraints To Irrigation Developmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Irrigation: Research and development∗

Groenewald

1986

Development Southern Africa

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“…As for, it used as a supplementary source when fresh water is not adequate. Typically salt concentrations in drainage water are 2 to 10 times higher than in irrigation water, (Hotes and Pearson, 1977).…”

Section: Drainage Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Impact of Irrigation Development

Elkholy¹

2014

Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering

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This study aims to evaluate water quality of irrigation development project and its impact on the environment. To achieve this goal, represent tive samples of irrigation, ground and drainage water, cultivated plants were collected at the beginning and tail end of each mesqas of wasat, manaifa and mahmoudia. The obtained results showed that, irrigation water is of a good quality, ground water is classified as high saline and moderately to highly saline and drainage water is classified as restricted for irrigation purposes. In case of pollutants of water resources, (i) macro, micronutrient and heavy metals are considered below the permissible limits in all sites, (ii) total and fecal coliform in irrigation and ground water samples of manaifa and mhmoudia are free except main drain (2) of manaifa, while at wassat, the three types water samples are contaminated at the head of mesqa, (iii) irrigation and ground water samples of the representive sites are free of salmonela and shigella except drainage water, (iv) COD, in all water samples are below permissible limits except main drain of wassat and manifa, while BOD are below the permissible limits. With regard to soil, EC values reduced almost (26%) compared to the previous data collected. The extractable elements for locations under study still less than the maximum permitted metal loading. Concerning plant assessment, the sequence of micro nutrients for plant shoots and roots in the investigated sites followed the order of : Fe > Mn > Cu > B while total coliform was found in mahmoudia but still under the permissible limits.

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“…Adverse effects of irrigation on water quality include increased salinity, turbidity, colour, taste, temperature, nematodes, Bacteria and viruses, and those resulting from the use of pesticides and nutrients. Irrigation returnflows usually show an increase in salinity and hardness, but the relative importance of these changes varies in the manner illustrated by Hotes & Pearson (1977). The increase in total salts resulting from irrigation normally has the effect of increasing the hardness of river water in the downstream direction, while marked salinity also affects taste.…”

Section: Water-quality Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementarity Between Environment and Development Processes

Biswas¹,

Biswas

1984

Envir. Conserv.

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Environmental consequences of economic growth and development became an area of major national concern primarily in industrialized countries during the nineteen-sixties. Undesirable side-effects of development became highly visible in terms of air, water, land, and noise, pollution, and people in such countries became concerned with the continuing environmental degradation and impacts on their health and life-style. The emphasis, however, was primarily on the physical environment.Two problems received much attention: the constantly increasing resource-use in the developed countries, and population explosion in the less-developed countries. Many doomsday scenarios were put forward, and there was a clamour for ‘no-growth’ in the West. This created much apprehension in the less-developed countries, because development was urgently needed to improve the living-standards of their citizens. Thus, ‘pollution of poverty’ became an important issue at the UN Conference on the Human Environment, which was held at Stockholm in 1972.

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Effects of Irrigation on Water Quality

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Irrigation: Research and development∗

Irrigation: Research and development∗

Environmental Impact of Irrigation Development

Complementarity Between Environment and Development Processes

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