Effects of intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine on intraocular pressure and pupil size in clinically normal dogs

Artigas, Cristina; Redondo, J. I.; López-Murcia, María M

doi:10.1111/j.1463-5224.2011.00966.x

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, they used a lower dose of dexmedetomidine (0.0006 mg/kg). Artigas et al (2012) used a dose of dexmedetomidine similar to what was administered in our DEX-5 group, and reported similar results at T10. However, at T20 they detected a significant decrease in IOP.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Pupil size (PS) did not change significantly after any of the medetomidine treatments when compared with the baseline value. Artigas et al (2012) administered dexmedetomidine at 0.005 mg/kg to dogs and measured IOP at 10 and 20 min after drug administration. No significant difference in IOP measurements between T0 and T10 were observed; however, a significant decrease was observed at T20.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Influence of dexmedetomidine-propofol-isoflurane and medetomidine-propofol-isoflurane on intraocular pressure and pupil size in healthy dogs

Raušer¹,

Mrázová²,

Zapletalová³

2016

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The present prospective, randomised, double-blinded clinical study was designed to investigate the commonly used anaesthetic combinations of dexmedetomidine-propofol-isoflurane and medetomidine-propofolisoflurane on intraocular pressure and pupil size in dogs. Forty client-owned healthy dogs with no ocular abnormalities, average body weight of 25.7 ± 13.1 kg (mean ± SD) and aged 3.7 ± 2.7 years, were enrolled. Twenty four males and 16 females were included. Dogs were allocated randomly to receive dexmedetomidine i.v. at 0.005 mg/ kg, dexmedetomidine at 0.01 mg/kg, medetomidine at 0.01 mg/kg or medetomidine at 0.02 mg/kg. Ten minutes later anaesthesia was induced in all dogs with propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen-air. Intraocular pressure, pupil size, heart rate, respiratory frequency and arterial blood pressures (SAP, DAP) were measured prior to (baseline) and at 10 (before propofol), 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min after dexmedetomidine or medetomidine administration. Oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (SpO 2 ) and end-tidal CO 2 concentration (EtCO 2 ) was monitored following anaesthesia induction. Data were analysed using Anderson-Darling and Bartlett's tests for data distribution and homogeneity of variance confirmation and ANOVA followed by Dunnett's tests for multiple comparisons. Changes were considered significant when P < 0.05. Following drug administration, pupil size, heart rate and respiratory frequency decreased significantly within groups, but did not differ between groups. No significant changes in intraocular pressure, SAP and DAP within and between groups, and SpO 2 or EtCO 2 between groups, were observed. Comparable doses of dexmedetomidine or medetomidine combined with propofol and isoflurane induced reductions in pupil size, respiratory frequency and heart rate, however, without a significant influence on intraocular pressure or arterial blood pressure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dexmedetomidine-propofol-isoflurane and medetomidine-propofol-isoflurane on intraocular pressure and pupil size in healthy dogs

Raušer¹,

Mrázová²,

Zapletalová³

2016

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…Intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine alone in normal healthy dogs caused a transient decrease in IOP within 20 minutes. [28] However, when combined with butorphanol, this combination induced a transient increase and subsequent decrease of IOP relative to baseline in dogs. [31] In addition, IOP measured with TonoLab® in mice decreased less following ketamine than following administration of a ketamine-xylazine-acepromazine mixture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of rebound tonometry in red‐eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans)

Delgado

Mans

McLellan

et al. 2013

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Objective To evaluate feasibility and accuracy of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by rebound tonometry in adult red-eared slider turtles and determine the effects of manual and chemical restraint on IOP. Animal studied Seventeen adult red-eared slider turtles. Procedures IOP was measured with TonoLab® and TonoVet® tonometers in conscious, unrestrained turtles. To evaluate the effects of manual restraint, turtles were restrained by digital pressure on the rostral head or proximal neck. The effect of two chemical restraint protocols (dexmedetomidine, ketamine, midazolam [DKM] and dexmedetomidine, ketamine [DK] subcutaneously) on IOP was evaluated. Triplicate TonoLab® and TonoVet® readings were compared to direct manometry in 3 ex vivo turtle eyes. Results TonoLab® correlated better with manometry at IOPs <45 mm Hg than TonoVet® (linear regression slopes of 0.89 and 0.30 respectively). Mean (±SD) IOP in unrestrained conscious turtles was significantly lower (P<0.01) with TonoLab® (10.02 ± 0.66 mmHg) than with TonoVet® (11.32 ± 1.57 mmHg). Manual neck restraint caused a significant increase in IOP (+6.31 ± 5.59 mmHg), while manual rostral head restraint did not. Both chemical restraint protocols significantly reduced IOP (DKM: −1.0 ± 0.76 mmHg,; DK: −1.79 ± 1.17) compared to measurements in conscious unrestrained turtles. Conclusions Chemical and manual neck restraint affected IOP. Rostral head restraint had no significant effect on IOP and is, therefore, recommended as the appropriate restraint technique in red-eared-slider turtles. TonoLab® measurements estimated actual IOP more accurately, within physiologic range, than measurements obtained using the TonoVet®.

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“…A normal to slightly lower than normal IOP, a central and fixed globe, and physiological tear production are desirable before and during ocular surgery (Murphy 1985, Herring and others 2000, Gross and Giuliano 2007). In dogs, these ocular parameters have been investigated after the administration of methoxyflurane (Vassilieff 1976), flumazenil (Artru 1991), medetomidine (Verbruggen and others 2000, Wallin-Håkanson and Wallin-Håkanson 2001), sevoflurane, desflurane (Almeida and others 2004), nitrous oxide (Almeida and others 2008), thiopental (Hofmeister and others 2008), propofol (Batista and others 2000, Hofmeister and others 2008, 2009, Hasiuk and others 2013), ketamine–midazolam (Ghaffari and others 2010), isoflurane (Shepard and others 2011) and dexmedetomidine (Artigas and others 2012). To the authors’ knowledge, the effect of a single intravenous bolus of alfaxalone on ocular parameters has not been previously investigated in dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alfaxalone versus propofol in dogs: a randomised trial to assess effects on peri‐induction tear production, intraocular pressure and globe position

et al. 2015

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The purpose of this randomised trial was to compare the effects of alfaxalone and propofol on tear production (STT-1), intraocular pressure (IOP) and globe position (GP) in healthy dogs. Fourteen Beagles were randomly divided into two groups; dogs in one group received alfaxalone (3 mg/kg) (n=7) and dogs in the other group received propofol (6 mg/kg) (n=7), both administered intravenously. IOP and GP were evaluated at basal time (Tb) and T2,5,10,15,20,25&30 (minutes after complete drug administration). STT-1 was evaluated at Tb and T10,20&30. STT-1 and IOP results were analysed using analysis of variance and GP was analysed using the likelihood ratio χ(2) test. Dogs in the alfaxalone group showed a significant reduction in STT-1 at T10&20 (P<0.05), while the propofol group did not show statistically significant differences in this parameter over time. Both anaesthetic drugs produced a transient elevation of IOP at T2 (P>0.05), which then decreased (P<0.01). While alfaxalone caused a ventral globe deviation that lasted from T2 to T10 (P<0.05) and was fully recovered at T30, propofol induced a ventral globe deviation from T2 to T5 (P<0.05), being restored at T20. These results suggest that both alfaxalone and propofol can be safely used for intraocular surgery, as they significantly reduce IOP. Furthermore, anaesthetic induction with propofol would be especially recommended for dogs with tear deficiencies.

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Effects of intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine on intraocular pressure and pupil size in clinically normal dogs

Abstract: Dexmedetomidine is an excellent option for surgery or diagnostic ocular procedures in dogs when a specific control of IOP is required. However, it must be used in combination with mydriatics in ophthalmic surgical or diagnostic procedures, which require complete dilation of the pupil.

Cited by 40 publications

References 18 publications

Influence of dexmedetomidine-propofol-isoflurane and medetomidine-propofol-isoflurane on intraocular pressure and pupil size in healthy dogs

Influence of dexmedetomidine-propofol-isoflurane and medetomidine-propofol-isoflurane on intraocular pressure and pupil size in healthy dogs

Evaluation of rebound tonometry in red‐eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans)

Alfaxalone versus propofol in dogs: a randomised trial to assess effects on peri‐induction tear production, intraocular pressure and globe position

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