Effects of intrarectally administered omeprazole paste on gastric fluid pH in healthy adult horses

Rand, C.; Stanley, Scott D; Pusterla, Nicola

doi:10.1136/vr.d3909

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…The resulting plasma concentrations were also noted to be low and had a direct correlation to the time of first defecation. The thick omeprazole paste was noted to be defecated undissolved when administered rectally (Rand et al, 2008). It was speculated from this study, that a more aqueous formulation might improve drug dispersion and rectal mucosal contact time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Pharmacokinetics of intrarectal omeprazole in alpacas

Marmulak

Stanley

Kass

et al. 2010

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in three different vehicles when administered rectally to six alpacas. Alpacas were given single doses of omeprazole (4 mg/kg) in a double-blinded, randomized cross-over design with a 1 week washout period. Omeprazole formulations consisted of (1) Treatment A: omeprazole paste mixed in surgical lubricant (2) Treatment B: omeprazole capsule contents in 8.4% sodium bicarbonate and (3) Treatment C: omeprazole capsule contents in surgical lubricant and 8.4% sodium bicarbonate solution. Plasma samples were drawn at 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 300 and 480 min. Omeprazole plasma concentrations were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic results demonstrated median peak plasma concentrations (C(max)) of 7.35 (3.2-15.2), 7.30 (1.7-10.9) and 8.65 (1.8-19.3) ng/mL and median area under the concentration curve (AUC((0-180))) of 747 (237-1681) min x ng/mL, 552.9 (39-1063) min x ng/mL, and 972 (107-1841) min x ng/mL for treatments A, B and C, respectively. The median half-lives were similar between groups: 38, 50, and 53 min. As a result of the low measured omeprazole plasma concentrations, it is assumed that rectal absorption of omeprazole is poor in alpacas and not an effective route of administration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of intrarectal omeprazole in alpacas

Marmulak

Stanley

Kass

et al. 2010

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…Oral administration of 4 mg/Kg omeprazole once daily is highly effective for healing gastric ulcers in horses (Doucet et al, 2003;McClure et al, 2005;McKeever et al, 2006;Sykes et al, 2014). However, oral administration of medications in horses with gastrointestinal disorders such as gastric reflux or dysphagia is contraindicated, so intravenous (IV) administration of omeprazole is an alternative route to increase gastric pH (Rand et al, 2014). Andrews et al (2006) administered 0.5 mg/Kg IV omeprazole once daily for five days to six adult horses, and observed that gastric pH increased from 2 to 4.35 one hour after administration on the first day of the treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of two intravenous dose levels of omeprazole on the gastric juice pH of healthy horses

Ruiz

Ramírez²,

Lezcano³

2016

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

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Efecto de dos niveles de dosis intravenosas de omeprazol sobre el pH del jugo gástrico de caballos sanos Efeito de dois níveis de doses intravenosas de omeprazol no suco gástrico pH cavalos saudáveisJhon D Ruiz * , MV, MSc, PhD; Juan E Ramírez, MVZ; Ángel Lezcano MVZ. Zootecnia, Universidad CES. Medellin, Colombia. (Received: March 29, 2015; accepted: June 8, 2016) doi: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v29n4a05 Summary Background: omeprazole suppresses gastric acid secretion and increases gastric juice pH by blocking the H+, K+ ATPase in the secretory membrane of parietal cells. Gastric juice pH below 4, long periods of no feed intake and stress are factors predisposing to gastric ulcers in horses. Objective: to determine the effect of 1 and 2 mg/Kg intravenous (IV) omeprazole on the gastric juice pH of Colombian Creole horses. Methods: seven horses were treated with two IV levels of omeprazole (1, and 2 mg/Kg body weight (BW)) in a crossover design. The omeprazole dose for each animal was reconstituted with 100 ml 0.9% NaCl. Gastric pH was measured using a portable pH-meter in stomach samples collected at time 0 (just before treatment), and 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 24 hours post-treatment. Results: the gastric pH at time 0 fluctuated from 1.6 to 3.2 in all horses. Both omeprazole doses (1 and 2 mg/Kg) significantly increased the gastric pH (pH>4.6) from 1 to 11 hours after the treatment. At 24 hours post-treatment, pH of the group treated with 1.0 mg/Kg significantly decreased to 2.8 ± 0.3, but remained elevated at 5.7 ± 0.87 for the group treated with 2 mg/Kg. Conclusion: the study demonstrated that a single IV omeprazole dose of 2 mg/Kg, but not 1 mg/Kg, maintained gastric pH above 4 during 24 hours. Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias (INCA-CES). Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y

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Diseases of the Alimentary Tract

2017

Veterinary Medicine

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Effects of intrarectally administered omeprazole paste on gastric fluid pH in healthy adult horses

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Pharmacokinetics of intrarectal omeprazole in alpacas

Pharmacokinetics of intrarectal omeprazole in alpacas

Effects of two intravenous dose levels of omeprazole on the gastric juice pH of healthy horses

Diseases of the Alimentary Tract

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