Effects of intermittent polyelectrolyte addition on water quality in direct filtration

Abstract

The effects of intermittent polyelectrolyte addition on the quality of effluent water and on the development of filter headloss were studied. Anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes were applied to two similarly constructed pilot sand filters. The surface water used in the study was obtained from Ömerli, which is one of the main drinking water reservoirs of Istanbul. Six sets of experiments were carried out. The objective of the experiments in the first three sets was to determine the type and dose of suitable polyelectrolyte. The polyelectrolytes were then added intermittently and continuously in the last three sets. Intermittent addition of polyelectrolyte produced better effluent quality and reduced the polyelectrolyte consumption by half with much less headloss. Ives' Filterability Index, which incorporates the important filtration design parameters such as effluent quality, the headloss and the velocity of filtration into a dimensionless number, was used for the comparison of the experimental results.

Removal of Organic Dyes from Aqueous Solutions by Activated Carbons Prepared from Residue of Supercritical Extraction of Marigold

“…According to literature data, the global production of about 10,000 organic dyes and pigments reaches 7 × 10 5 tons, of which 10–15% are released into sewage. The presence of dyes in surface and ground waters, even in trace amounts (less than 1 mg/dm 3 ), is strongly undesirable [ 2 ].…”