Effects of instrument-assisted soft-tissue mobilization at three different application angles on hamstring surface thermal responses

Abstract

[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the thermal skin responses (thermal buildup and retention rate) to instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) procedures applied on hamstrings at different angles. [Participants and Methods] Thirty university students (age: 20 ± 4 years, weight: 70.61 ± 9.11 kg, height: 168.5 ± 7.5 cm) received three sessions of 10-min Ergon ® IASTM treatment on their dominant limbs’ hamstrings at 20°, 60°, and 90° application angles, respectively. The skin temperature was measured with a thermometer immediately before and after treatment, and every minute thereafter until it returned to the baseline value. [Results] IASTM resulted in a significant increase in skin temperature irrespective of the application angle. The thermal retention rate produced by the treatment at a 90° angle was significantly higher than that produced by the 20° application angle (78.9 vs. 64.53 min). No significant differences were observed between the 60° and 90° angle applications (72.5 vs. 78.9 min). [Conclusion] IASTM application at 60° and 90° angles can increase and retain the hamstring’s skin temperature for more than an hour, creating the conditions for potential positive adaptations to local metabolism and muscle tone.

Effect of Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilizatio combined with blood flow restriction training on function, pain and strength of patients with patellofemoral joint pain

“…At the same time, the pushing of the release tool on the soft tissue surface seems to activate or inhibit the fascia mesoreceptors [21] , which has been shown to be effective for delayed activation of inactivated muscle groups around the knee joint. It has been shown [22] that the IASTM intervention can raise the skin temperature of the hamstrings and maintain it for more than one hour. This external pressure stimulation increases the skin blood ow and accelerates the local metabolism, providing the fascial space for muscle congestion and tension expansion, creating the conditions for muscle strength training.…”

Soft Tissue Mobilization Improves Neck and Upper Back Range of Motion

“…5,6 As hypothesized, we found both therapies to significantly increase superficial temperature (P<.05), which has been seen in other studies. [8][9][10] Increased temperature likely results from increased circulation and an influx of nutrients and fibroblasts into the area that aid healing. 10 IASTM may have the added benefit of reducing tissue adhesions through the mechanical breakdown of scar tissue.…”

Soft-Tissue Techniques in Sports Injuries Prevention and Rehabilitation

“…The results of the study were encouraging as recovery time was reduced to almost half of the usual time and the footballer resumed full training and participation in games in 15 days. The soft tissue techniques used to remove the edema were stripping massage, cupping therapy, and IASTM techniques [79].…”

“…It is worth noting that at 60 o and 90 o angles, the temperature rise was almost the same. In conclusion, if the goal of the treatment is to maintain increased temperature for a long time, a greater angle, such as a 90 o angle, is advisable [79].…”