Effects of injectable trace element and vitamin supplementation during the gestational, peri-parturient, or early lactational periods on neutrophil functions and pregnancy rate in dairy cows

Yazlık, Murat Onur; Çolakoğlu, Hatice Esra; Pekcan, Mert; Kaya, Ufuk; Küplülü, Şükrü; Kaçar, Cihan; Polat, M. Gülden; Vural, Mehmet Rıfat

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106686

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…As for mid-lactation cows, we do not have a clear hypothesis of which may be the trigger of the greater NETs formation; environmental, hormonal, social stress, or other managerial factors may have played a role. The increased production of ROS in peripartum dairy cows may explain the impairment of the immune system that transition cows experience, as it was previously described to affect phagocytosis and oxidative burst [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Production of Neutrophils Extracellular Traps Is Affected by the Lactational Stage of Dairy Cows

Xie

Pascottini

Zhi

et al. 2022

Animals

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We aimed to research the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation capacity of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) during different lactational stages of Holstein cows. We also aimed to validate a model which could mimic infection and inflammation in vitro by adding increasing concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to PMN suspensions isolated from nulliparous heifers and evaluate their capacity to produce NETs and ROS. In 3 replicates, we collected blood from nulliparous heifers (n = 3), cows at the end of gestation (n = 3), early postpartum (n = 3) and in mid-lactation (n = 3) in which PMN were isolated. The production of ROS in PMN were assessed using the 2’,7’-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate method, while the SYTOX Orange and Quant-iT™ PicoGreen dsDNA ultra-sensitive nucleic fluorescent acid staining methods were applied in order to quantitatively analyze the formation of NETs. Statistical analyses were performed via linear regression models using the replicate as a random. ROS values of PMN harvested from peripartum cows were 1.3 times increased compared with those in nulliparous heifers (p < 0.01). Compared with nulliparous heifers, the production of NETs by PMN isolated from mid-lactation and postpartum cows was 2.1 and 2.5 times higher (p < 0.01), respectively. In 3 replicates, in vitro stimulation of PMN isolated from nulliparous heifers (n = 3) with LPS linearly increased the production of ROS and NETs (R2 = 0.96 and 0.86, respectively). Similarly, when PMN isolated from nulliparous heifers were stimulated with PMA, a linear increase in the production of ROS (R2 = 0.99) and NETs (R2 = 0.78) was observed. The basal NETs and ROS production is lower in nulliparous heifers. Thus, they are an excellent model to mimic inflammation and study fundamental aspects of the production of NETs and ROS in vitro.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Production of Neutrophils Extracellular Traps Is Affected by the Lactational Stage of Dairy Cows

Xie

Pascottini

Zhi

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…These injection protocols were carried out at speci c intervals, including the 30th, 15 th , and 7 th days prior to the expected parturition date, the day of parturition, and the 7 th , 15 th , and 30 th days post-parturition. The formulations used for injections were based on prior research ndings (Collet et al, 2019;Pogge et al, 2012;Machado et al, 2013;Arthington et al, 2014;Yazlık et al, 2021;Silva et al, 2022).…”

Section: Micro-nutrient Injections and Experimental Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injection of antioxidant trace minerals/vitamins into peripartum crossbred cows improves the nutritional and immunological properties of colostrum/milk and the health of their calves under heat stress conditions

Yadav,

Somagond,

Lathwal

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Multimineral and vitamin injections can provide better nutrient availability at the cellular level, which is essential for mitigating transition period stress and improving the well being and productivity of dairy cows. The present study was conducted to assess the colostrum quality and calf health after intramuscular injection of multi-minerals (MM) and multi-vitamins (MV) to peripartum cows during winter (THI = 60.29) and summer (THI = 81.05) months. In each season, twenty-four pregnant crossbred Karan Fries cows were grouped into four, each consisting of six cows. Group I, referred to as the Control, received solely the basal diet, without any additional supplements. Groups II, III, and IV were administered additional MM (T1), MV (T2), and a combined MM and MV (T3) along with their basal diet, starting 30 days before calving and continuing for 30 days after calving. Blood samples were collected from the calves, while colostrum/milk samples were obtained from the cows on days 1, 3, 7, and 15 after calving. The somatic cell counts (SCC) in the milk were determined using a cell counter. Cortisol, IgG, IGF1 and total immunoglobulins (IgG) in whey and plasma from cow colostrum/milk or calf blood samples were estimated by ELISA. Cows that calved in the summer exhibited notably reduced levels (P<0.05) of IgG, milk, and plasma IGF1, along with lower calf body weights, in comparison to those calving in the winter season. Furthermore, the summer months saw significant increases (P<0.05) in plasma and milk cortisol levels, as well as total somatic cell counts (SCC) in both colostrum and milk samples. Maximum beneficial effect was observed in T3 group. Results indicate that injections to peripartum cows could be an important strategy for improving colostrum quality and calf health during the summer seasons.

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“…Although the immune system can use ketone bodies as an energy source, cows with high serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) postpartum had an increased incidence of mastitis [13]. When there are increases in the fatty acid and ketone concentrations in the body, alterations in respiratory burst activities occur, leading to a decrease in the viability of neutrophil leukocytes [14,15]. Therefore, the maintenance of the appropriate metabolic status is very important for mammary gland health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Mastitis Patterns in Serbian Dairy Cows: Blood Serum Metabolic Profile and Milk Composition Parameters

Stanojević,

Kreszinger,

Radinović

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Mastitis is one of the most important diseases in dairy cows, leading to substantial economic losses associated with decreased milk production and quality. Early detection of changes in metabolic and milk parameters is crucial for maintaining animal welfare and milk quality. This study aimed to detect patterns in metabolic and milk composition parameters in Serbian dairy cows affected by mastitis. It also examined the relationship between these factors in cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis, as well as in healthy cows. This study included 60 Holstein-Friesian cows with the same body score condition that were in the same lactation phase. They were divided into three groups of 20: clinical and subclinical mastitis and a control group of healthy cows. The categorization was based on clinical udder health and the California mastitis test. Blood serum metabolic profiles were measured using a Rayto spectrophotometer (Shenzhen, China), and milk composition was determined using MilcoScanTM (Foss, Hilleroed, Denmark) and FossomaticTM (Foss, Hilleroed, Denmark) instruments. Significant increases in non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), total protein, globulin, urea, total bilirubin, magnesium, and enzyme activity were noted in mastitis-affected cows compared to healthy ones. Additionally, mastitis-affected cows had higher total protein and globulin levels and increased somatic cell counts (SCCs), while albumin concentrations were decreased. Furthermore, a negative correlation between total protein and lactose suggested inflammation leading to reduced lactose levels due to cell damage, infection, and lactose use by mastitis pathogens. Hence, indicators of the energy and protein status of the metabolic profile, together with the chemical composition of milk, may be significant diagnostic tools for detecting, monitoring, and predicting the outcome of mastitis in cows.

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Effects of injectable trace element and vitamin supplementation during the gestational, peri-parturient, or early lactational periods on neutrophil functions and pregnancy rate in dairy cows

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

In Vitro Production of Neutrophils Extracellular Traps Is Affected by the Lactational Stage of Dairy Cows

In Vitro Production of Neutrophils Extracellular Traps Is Affected by the Lactational Stage of Dairy Cows

Injection of antioxidant trace minerals/vitamins into peripartum crossbred cows improves the nutritional and immunological properties of colostrum/milk and the health of their calves under heat stress conditions

Assessment of Mastitis Patterns in Serbian Dairy Cows: Blood Serum Metabolic Profile and Milk Composition Parameters

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