Effects of Increasing Water Hardness on Egg Diameter and Hatch Rates of Striped Bass Eggs

Spade, Steven; Bristow, Brian T.

doi:10.1577/1548-8454(1999)061<0263:eoiwho>2.0.co;2

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Unfortunately, Bosworth et al (1997) did not compare individual egg volumes with individual lengths at hatch. Differences in water chemistry can influence the amount of water passing through the egg membrane during hydration and can introduce variability in egg size (Spade and Bristow 1999). Similarly, Miller et al (1995) found a weak relation between Atlantic cod egg size and length at hatch (r 2 ¼ 0.3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Egg Characteristics among Female White Bass and the Relationship between Egg Volume and Length at Hatch of Sunshine Bass

Lochmann

Goodwin

Racey³

et al. 2009

N American J Aquac

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Domesticated white bass Morone chrysops can be used in selective breeding programs to produce sunshine bass (female white bass 3 male striped bass M. saxatilis). In addition to fast growth or favorable feed conversion, selection could be based on favorable egg or larval characteristics. Eggs from 12 white bass were fertilized with striped bass sperm to produce sunshine bass larvae and were individually photographed and incubated. The yolk sac larvae hatched from these eggs were also photographed within 3 h of hatching. Percent hatch ranged from 49% to 96%. Egg and larval characteristics were determined from the digital images. Total lipid and fatty acid composition were determined for eggs from each female. Average egg volume ranged from 0.32 to 0.42 mm 3 . Standard lengths of yolk sac larvae ranged from 2.51 to 3.62 mm. The relation between individual egg volumes and individual standard lengths explained only 1% of the variability in length at hatch. Average egg characteristics were generally unrelated to average length at hatch, but fatty acid composition was related to percent hatch. Maternal effects explained about 11% of the variability in individual length at hatch, and time to hatch (i.e., the length of time from fertilization to hatch for an individual embryo) explained 25% of the variability in individual length at hatch. Some females produced eggs and larvae with characteristics that were more suitable to increasing survival and fingerling production. Selection for these characteristics in broodstock white bass females could lead to improved production of sunshine bass fingerlings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Egg Characteristics among Female White Bass and the Relationship between Egg Volume and Length at Hatch of Sunshine Bass

Lochmann

Goodwin

Racey³

et al. 2009

N American J Aquac

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Section: Salinity Effects On Egg Size and Specific Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 n/a n/a (0.6-0.7) and Bristow, 1999;Molokwu and Okpokwasili, 2002). For instance, problems have been reported in M. saxatilis culture regarding eggs floating out of hatching containers when they were incubated in very soft water (Spade and Bristow, 1999). Addition of calcium chloride salt to increase water hardness alleviated the problem, implying that a decrease in egg size or increase in egg specific gravity increases retention of the eggs in the incubation jar.…”

Section: Salinity Effects On Egg Size and Specific Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under aquaculture conditions, eggs in different source waters have different sizes and specific gravities (Albrecht, 1964;Gonzal et al, 1987;Spade 7 n/a n/a (0.2-2.1) Rio Grande d 8 n/a n/a (0.7-5.7) Rio Grande d 9 n/a n/a (0.7-0.9) Rio Conchos d 10 n/a n/a (0. 17 n/a n/a (0.6-0.7) and Bristow, 1999;Molokwu and Okpokwasili, 2002).…”

Section: Salinity Effects On Egg Size and Specific Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of salinity on specific gravity and viability of eggs of a North American minnow (Cyprinidae)

Cowley¹,

Alleman²,

Sallenave³

et al. 2009

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: The influence of salinity on survival, specific gravity, and size of eggs of the endangered Hybognathus amarus (Rio Grande silvery minnow) was studied to provide insight into factors affecting their potential dispersal and fate. Under low salinity conditions egg specific gravity declined significantly in the first hour after spawning as the perivitelline space of the egg filled with water. Egg specific gravity achieved a minimum value approximately 1 h post-spawning and remained approximately constant until hatching, which occurred near 48 h post-spawning at 20ºC. Specific gravity of the egg depended on the salinity of the water surrounding the egg: hardened eggs changed rapidly in diameter and specific gravity when exposed to water of higher salinity. Size and specific gravity of H. amarus eggs also differed when the eggs were incubated in different groundwater sources. Experiments indicated that calcium chloride saline solution had a greater effect on egg specific gravity and size than did solutions of sodium or potassium chlorides. Survival of H. amarus eggs declined sharply at salinity greater than 3 (practical salinity units, PSU) and was only 5% at a salinity of 8. Habitat restoration to benefit H. amarus should consider the salinity of habitats in which eggs incubate.Keywords: fish egg drift, buoyancy, osmosis, survival, Hybognathus amarus. RESUMEN: EFECTOS DE LA SALINIDAD SOBRE LA GRAVEDAD ESPECÍFICA Y LA VIABILIDAD DE HUEVOS DE UNA CARPA NORTEAMERICANA (CIPRINIDAE). -El efecto de la salinidad sobre la supervivencia, gravedad específica y talla de los huevos del ciprínido puesto en peligro de extinción, Hybognathus amarus, fue estudiado para proporcionar información sobre los factores que afectan la dispersión y el destino de los huevos. Bajo condiciones de salinidad baja la gravedad específica del huevo disminuyó de forma significativa durante la primera hora después de la puesta, a medida que el espacio del perivitelino del huevo se fue llenando de agua. La gravedad específica del huevo alcanzó un valor mínimo 1 hora después de la puesta y quedó aproximadamente constante hasta eclosión, que ocurrió alrededor de 48 horas tras la puesta a 20˚C. La gravedad específica del huevo dependió de la salinidad del agua que le rodeaba. Los huevos con corion endurecido cambiaron rápidamente en diámetro y gravedad específica cuando fueron expuestos a agua de salinidad más alta. El tamaño y la gravedad específica de los huevos de H. amarus también se diferenciaron cuando los huevos fueron incubados en diferentes fuentes de agua subterránea. Los experimentos indicaron que la solución salina del cloruro de calcio tuvo un mayor efecto sobre la gravedad específica del huevo que las soluciones de los cloruros del sodio o del potasio. Expuestos a soluciones de salinidad de más de 3 (PSU), la supervivencia de los huevos de H. amarus disminuyó claramente, bajando a sólo el 5% en la solución de 8. La restauración del hábitat con el objetivo de beneficiar a H. amarus debe considerar la salinidad de los hábitats en los...

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“…The standard 6‐L McDonald jar has a carrying capacity of 100,000–150,000 striped bass eggs (Rees and Harrell 1990). Water flow is adjusted to keep the semibuoyant eggs from overflowing the jar, but reduced flow may not meet minimum oxygen requirements (Spade and Bristow 1999). Because of the simplicity of the design, a variety of inexpensive alternative jars have been proposed (Rottmann and Shireman 1988; Sloan 1996; Glenn and Tiersch 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Striped Bass, Morone saxatilis, Egg Incubation in Large Volume Jars

Harper¹,

Wrege²,

Isely³

2010

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society

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The standard McDonald jar was compared with a large volume jar for striped bass, Morone saxatilis, egg incubation. The McDonald jar measured 16 cm in diameter by 45 cm in height and had a volume of 6 L. The experimental jar measured 0.4 m in diameter by 1.3 m in height and had a volume of 200 L. The hypothesis is that there is no difference in percent survival of fry hatched in experimental jars compared with McDonald jars. Striped bass brood fish were collected from the Coosa River and spawned using the dry spawn method of fertilization. Four McDonald jars were stocked with approximately 150 g of eggs each. Post‐hatch survival was estimated at 48, 96, and 144 h. Stocking rates resulted in an average egg loading rate (±1 SE) in McDonald jars of 21.9 ± 0.03 eggs/mL and in experimental jars of 10.9 ± 0.57 eggs/mL. The major finding of this study was that average fry survival was 37.3 ± 4.49% for McDonald jars and 34.2 ± 3.80% for experimental jars. Although survival in experimental jars was slightly less than in McDonald jars, the effect of container volume on survival to 48 h (F = 6.57; df = 1,5; P > 0.05), 96 h (F = 0.02; df = 1, 4; P > 0.89), and 144 h (F = 3.50; df = 1, 4; P > 0.13) was not statistically significant. Mean survival between replicates ranged from 14.7 to 60.1% in McDonald jars and from 10.1 to 54.4% in experimental jars. No effect of initial stocking rate on survival (t = 0.06; df = 10; P > 0.95) was detected. Experimental jars allowed for incubation of a greater number of eggs in less than half the floor space of McDonald jars. As hatchery production is often limited by space or water supply, experimental jars offer an alternative to extending spawning activities, thereby reducing labor and operations cost. As survival was similar to McDonald jars, the experimental jar is suitable for striped bass egg incubation.

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Effects of Increasing Water Hardness on Egg Diameter and Hatch Rates of Striped Bass Eggs

Cited by 22 publications

References 2 publications

Variability of Egg Characteristics among Female White Bass and the Relationship between Egg Volume and Length at Hatch of Sunshine Bass

Variability of Egg Characteristics among Female White Bass and the Relationship between Egg Volume and Length at Hatch of Sunshine Bass

Effects of salinity on specific gravity and viability of eggs of a North American minnow (Cyprinidae)

Striped Bass, Morone saxatilis, Egg Incubation in Large Volume Jars

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