Effects of increased content of leaf surface flavonoids on the performance of mountain birch feeding sawflies vary for early and late season species

Lahtinen, Maria; Kapari, Lauri; Haukioja, Erkki; Pihlaja, Kalevi

doi:10.1007/s00049-006-0343-y

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…While many studies on herbivorous insects have reported clear effects on offspring performance of leaf size (Whitham 1978;Faeth 1991), phenolic content (Lane et al 1985;Beninger et al 2004;Lahtinen et al 2006), and the presence of conspecifics (Connor & Beck 1993;Roslin et al 2006), the females in our study did not seem to respond to any of these leaf attributes. The relations were either non-existent or highly complex, as with respect to leaf area.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

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Resource selection by female moths in a heterogeneous environment: what is a poor girl to do?

Gripenberg

Morriën

Cudmore

et al. 2007

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Summary1. According to the preference-performance hypothesis, female insects select resources that maximize offspring performance. To achieve high fitness, leaf miner females should then adjust their oviposition behaviour in response to leaf attributes signalling high host quality. 2.Here we investigate resource selection in Tischeria ekebladella , a leaf-mining moth of the pedunculate oak ( Quercus robur ), in relation to two alternative hypotheses: (1) females select their resources with respect to their future quality for developing larvae; or (2) temporal changes in resource quality prevent females from selecting the best larval resources. 3. Specifically, we test whether females show the strongest selection at the levels at which quality varies the most (shoots and leaves); whether they respond to specific leaf attributes (leaf size, phenolic content and conspecific eggs); and whether female preference is reflected in offspring performance. 4. Female choice of leaves was found to be non-random. Within trees, the females preferred certain shoots, but when the shoots were on different trees the degree of discrimination was about four times larger than when they were on the same trees. 5. While females typically lay more eggs on large leaves, this is not a result of active selection of large leaves, but rather a result of females moving at random and ovipositing at regular intervals. 6. The females in our study did not adjust their oviposition behaviour in response to leaf phenolic contents (as measured by the time of larval feeding). Neither did they avoid leaves with conspecific eggs. 7. Female choice of oviposition sites did not match patterns of offspring performance: there was no positive association between offspring survival and counts of eggs. 8. We propose that temporal variation in resource quality may prevent female moths from evaluating resource quality reliably. To compensate for this, females may adopt a risk-spreading strategy when selecting their resources.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

“…1985;Beninger et al . 2004;Lahtinen et al . 2006), or the presence of conspecifics (Denno, McClure & Ott 1995;Roslin & Roland 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resource selection by female moths in a heterogeneous environment: what is a poor girl to do?

Gripenberg

Morriën

Cudmore

et al. 2007

Journal of Animal Ecology

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“…The roles of primary and secondary com-pounds on aphid feeding and probing behaviour have been studied for decades. For instance, it has been reported that aphid feeding and probing behaviour can be affected by primary compounds such as sucrose (Pescod et al, 2007), and secondary compounds such as glycosides (Takemura et al, 2006), glucosinolates (Kim and Jander, 2007;Nam and Hardie, 2012) and phenolic substances (Wójcicka, 2010;Lahtinen et al, 2006). Jones et al (2002) and Rapley et al (2004) suggested that benzyl n-tetracosanoate in the epicuticular waxes of E. globulus was a biologically active component responsible for the repellence of oviposition by female M. privata.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Waxes as a Plant Defense Barrier Towards Grain Aphid

Wójcicka¹

2015

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia S. Botanica

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The electrical penetration graph (EPG) method was used to quantify the effect of surface waxes on probing behaviour of the grain aphid Sitobion avenae F. (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The experiments showed that wax removal significantly affected probing behaviour of S. avenae. Generally, the aphids feeding on the plants without wax had a shortened non-probing (EPG-pattern np) and prolonged penetration of peripheral tissues -epidermis and mesophyll (EPG-pattern C). The EPG tests also showed that the three tested extracts of surface waxes from waxy plants RAH 122 were active as aphicides against the grain aphid.K Ke ey y w wo or rd ds s: Epicuticular wax, peripheral tissues, epidermis, mesophyll, triticale, Sitobion avenae, EPG, artificial diet ACTA BIOLOGICA CRACOVIENSIA Series Botanica 57/1: [95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103] 2015

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“…None of the other examined defensive traits had a significant impact on leaf‐chewing insects, although their detrimental effect on certain insect species’ feeding or survival has been repeatedly recorded (Raupp, ; Zvereva et al., ; Kopper et al., ; Lahtinen et al., ). Similar situations in which recognized defensive traits, such as trichomes or latex outflow, do not affect insect population densities have been recorded before (Basset & Novotny, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect herbivores drive the loss of unique chemical defense in willows

Volf

Julkunen‐Tiitto

Hrček

et al. 2015

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Throughout the course of their evolution, plants have acquired a wide range of chemical and mechanical defenses to protect against herbivores. Ehrlich & Raven's coevolutionary theory suggests that this diversification of defensive traits is driven by the strong impact of novel traits on insect herbivores. However, the impact of plant defenses on insects is difficult to compare between related plant species due to variation in environmental and biotic conditions. We standardized these factors as far as possible by analyzing the effects of chemical and mechanical defensive traits on insects in a local community of 11 Salicaceae species growing in sympatry, and their leaf-chewing herbivores. Defensive traits (salicylates, flavonoids, tannins, trichomes, and leaf toughness) were generally not inter-correlated, with the exception of a negative correlation between salicylates and trichomes. The content of salicylates, a novel group of defensive metabolites in the Salicaceae, was correlated with low herbivore diversity and high host specificity. Despite these effects, the phylogeny of the studied species shows loss of salicylates in some Salix species instead of their further diversification. This could be due to salicylates not decreasing the overall abundance of herbivores, despite accounting for up to 22% of the dry leaf mass and therefore being costly. The defense of low-salicylate willow species is thus probably maintained by other defensive traits, such as trichomes. Our study shows that the balance between costs and benefits of defensive traits is not necessarily in favor of novel compounds and illustrates a process, which may lead to the reduction in a defensive trait.

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Effects of increased content of leaf surface flavonoids on the performance of mountain birch feeding sawflies vary for early and late season species

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Resource selection by female moths in a heterogeneous environment: what is a poor girl to do?

Resource selection by female moths in a heterogeneous environment: what is a poor girl to do?

Surface Waxes as a Plant Defense Barrier Towards Grain Aphid

Insect herbivores drive the loss of unique chemical defense in willows

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