Effects of Inclusion of Schizochytrium spp. and Forage-to-Concentrate Ratios on Goats’ Milk Quality and Oxidative Status

Mavrommatis, Alexandros; Sotirakoglou, Κyriaki; Kamilaris, Charalampos; Tsiplakou, Eleni

doi:10.3390/foods10061322

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…Besides, NADPH oxidase also provokes the concentration of O 2 ●− [ 45 ]. Increased SOD activity was also reported in goats’ blood plasma that was fed with high PUFA content [ 46 ]. Furthermore, supplementing whole sesame seeds in goats’ diets [ 47 ], also increased the SOD activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The reported level of PC in the experimental groups followed the same trend with those of MDA, which further supports the assumption of an oxidative response in the highest studied level of inclusion of Camelina seeds in ewes’ diets. As a matter of fact, a high dose of PUFA in goats’ diets, also resulted in increased MDA and PC levels [ 46 ]. Interestingly, the increased level of PC in the CSS16 group may be associated with the proteins’ oxidative damage by the oxygen-free radicals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Optimum Level of Supplementation with Camelina Seeds in Ewes’ Diets to Improve Milk Quality

Christodoulou

Mavrommatis

Mitsiopoulou

et al. 2021

Foods

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Camelina sativa seeds are rich in bioactive compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and antioxidants, thus, their supplementation in ewes’ diets, may be an effective way to develop high nutritional dairy products. Therefore, the present study investigates the effect of the dietary inclusion of Camelina sativa seeds in ewes’ oxidative status and milk quality. Forty-eight dairy Chios ewes were divided into four homogenous groups and were fed individually. The concentrate of the control group (CON) had no inclusion of Camelina seeds, while the treatment groups (CSS6, CSS11, CSS16) were supplemented with 6%, 11%, and 16%, respectively. Including Camelina seeds in 6% and 11%, had no impact on milk performance, while in the CSS16, milk fat was significantly decreased compared to the CON. Supplementing Camelina seeds improved milk quality from a human health perspective by modifying the content of saturated fatty acid, the proportions of α-linolenic (C18:3 n-3), and C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 (CLA), and the ω6/ω3 ratio. Furthermore, the activity of catalase (CAT) was significantly increased in the CSS11 and CSS16, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity also significantly upsurged in the CSS16. Still, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased in the CSS11 compared to the CON and CSS6, and in the CSS16 compared to the CSS6. In CSS16, protein carbonyls were significantly increased. Finally, in the CSS-fed ewes, milk oxidative stability was fortified, as suggested by the modifications in the activities of SOD, CAT, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), in the antioxidant capacity, and the oxidative stress biomarkers. Consequently, the incorporation of 6% Camelina seeds in the concentrates of ewes improves milk’s fatty acid profile and oxidative status. However, more research is required regarding the possible negative effects of the constant consumption of Camelina seeds by ewes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Optimum Level of Supplementation with Camelina Seeds in Ewes’ Diets to Improve Milk Quality

Christodoulou

Mavrommatis

Mitsiopoulou

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…The proper achievement of rumen function would depend on temperature and diet composition and affects the ruminants' health and productivity (Mavrommatis et al, 2021b;Phesatcha et al, 2021;Soltan et al, 2021). CAP has been extensively studied as a feed additive for ruminants in vivo (Oh et al, 2015;Castillo-Lopez et al, 2021) and in vitro (Busquet et al, 2006); however, little attention has been paid to its effect on rumen fermentation when the rumen is subjected to physiological stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of capsicum oleoresin supplementation on rumen fermentation and microbial abundance under different temperature and dietary conditions in vitro

Luo

Abdelrahman

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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This study aimed to determine the effect of capsicum oleoresin (CAP) on rumen fermentation and microbial abundance under different temperature and dietary conditions in vitro. The experimental design was arranged in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial format together with two temperatures (normal: 39°C; hyperthermal: 42°C), two forage/concentrate ratios (30:70; 70:30), and two CAP concentrations in the incubation fluid at 20 and 200 mg/L with a control group. Regarding the fermentation characteristics, high temperature reduced short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production except for molar percentages of butyrate while increasing acetate-to-propionate ratio and ammonia concentration. The diets increased total SCFA, propionate, and ammonia concentrations while decreasing acetate percentage and acetate-to-propionate ratio. CAP reduced acetate percentage and acetate-to-propionate ratio. Under hyperthermal condition, CAP could reduce acetate percentage and increase acetate-to-propionate ratio, lessening the negative effect of high heat on SCFA. Hyperthermal condition and diet altered the relative abundance of microbial abundance in cellulose-degrading bacteria. CAP showed little effect on the microbial abundance which only increased Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. Thus, CAP could improve rumen fermentation under different conditions, with plasticity in response to the ramp of different temperature and dietary conditions, although hardly affecting rumen microbial abundance.

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“…Particularly, Morine et al [ 67 ] reported that the level of H 2 S in the rumen decreased linearly with the upsurge in the dietary roughage neutral detergent fiber (rNDF) content. Overall, the increase of D. desulfuricans may result in an accumulation of hydrogen sulfite in the goats’ rumen, potentially concealing dangerous consequences for animals’ health and performance which may be eliminated by altering the forage-to-concentrate ratio in Schizochytrium spp.-fed goats [ 68 ]. In this context, Schizochytrium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Rumen Bacteriome Structure and Enzymatic Activities of Goats in Response to Dietary Supplementation with Schizochytrium spp.

et al. 2021

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With the aim to produce functional dairy products enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) by using feed supplements, radical changes could occur in the rumen microbiome. This work investigated the alterations of the rumen bacteriome of goats fed with PUFA-rich marine microalgae Schizochytrium spp. For the trial, twenty-four goats were divided into four homogenous clusters (six goats/treatment) according to their fat-corrected (4%) milk yield, body weight, and age; they were individually fed with alfalfa hay and a concentrate (F/C = 50/50). The concentrate of the control group (CON) contained no microalgae, while those of the treated groups were supplemented daily with 20 (ALG20), 40 (ALG40), and 60 g (ALG60) of Schizochytrium spp./goat. Rumen fluid samples were collected using a stomach tube during the 20th and 40th days of the experiment. The microbiome analysis using a 16S rRNA sequencing platform revealed that Firmicutes were decreased in microalgae-fed goats, while Bacteroidetes showed a tendency to increase in the ALG40 group due to the enhancement of Prevotellaceae. Cellulolytic bacteria, namely Treponema bryantii, Ruminococcus gauvreauii, R. albus, and R. flavefaciens, were decreased in the ALG40 group, resulting in an overall decrease of cellulase activity. In contrast, the amylolytic potential was significantly enhanced due to an upsurge in Ruminobacter amylophilus, Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens, and Fretibacterium fastidiosum populations. In conclusion, supplementing goats’ diets with 20 g Schizochytrium spp. could be considered a sustainable and efficient nutritional strategy to modulate rumen microbiome towards the development of dairy products enriched with bioactive compounds, while higher levels induced substantial shifts in determinant microbes’ populations.

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Effects of Inclusion of Schizochytrium spp. and Forage-to-Concentrate Ratios on Goats’ Milk Quality and Oxidative Status

Cited by 10 publications

References 75 publications

Assessing the Optimum Level of Supplementation with Camelina Seeds in Ewes’ Diets to Improve Milk Quality

Assessing the Optimum Level of Supplementation with Camelina Seeds in Ewes’ Diets to Improve Milk Quality

Effects of capsicum oleoresin supplementation on rumen fermentation and microbial abundance under different temperature and dietary conditions in vitro

Changes in the Rumen Bacteriome Structure and Enzymatic Activities of Goats in Response to Dietary Supplementation with Schizochytrium spp.

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