Effects of image restoration on target acquisition

Kopeika, Norman S.; Rotman, Stanley R.; Taig, I.; Vander, Ariel

doi:10.1117/1.1532744

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It has been noted that image restoration can improve the success rate of detection by object by humans 13 . In this work two aspects of contrast were looked at to determine if automated target tracking would improve too.…”

Section: Real-time Image Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of the improvement in omnidirectional maritime surveillance and tracking due to real-time image enhancement

et al. 2011

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Tracking targets in a panoramic image is in many senses the inverse problem of tracking targets with a narrow field of view camera on a pan-tilt pedestal. In a narrow field of view camera tracking a moving target, the object is constant and the background is changing. A panoramic camera is able to model the entire scene, or background, and those areas it cannot model well are the potential targets and typically subtended far fewer pixels in the panoramic view compared to the narrow field of view. The outputs of an outward staring array of calibrated machine vision cameras are stitched into a single omnidirectional panorama and used to observe False Bay near Simon's Town, South Africa. A ground truth data-set was created by geo-aligning the camera array and placing a differential global position system receiver on a small target boat thus allowing its position in the array's field of view to be determined. Common tracking techniques including level-sets, Kalman filters and particle filters were implemented to run on the central processing unit of the tracking computer. Image enhancement techniques including multi-scale tone mapping, interpolated local histogram equalisation and several sharpening techniques were implemented on the graphics processing unit. An objective measurement of each tracking algorithm's robustness in the presence of sea-glint, low contrast visibility and sea clutter -such as white caps is performed on the raw recorded video data. These results are then compared to those obtained with the enhanced video data.

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Section: Real-time Image Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of the improvement in omnidirectional maritime surveillance and tracking due to real-time image enhancement

et al. 2011

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“…Ideally, for optimal detection range and diffraction limited resolution the total scaled MTF should be unity across all spatial frequencies. However, although each component contributes to the overall MTF drop as spatial frequency increases, sightline jitter is the dominant effect (Kopeika et al 2003). At the operational level, this results in much poorer image resolution-reducing the range at which detection, identification and recognition of the target can be reliably ascertained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sightline Jitter Minimization and Shaping Using Nonlinear Friction Compensation

Anderson

MacDonald

Ingleby

et al. 2007

International Journal of Optomechatronics

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Friction-induced sightline jitter significantly degrades the image resolution and detection range of a stabilised optical system. Therefore, any controller that can reduce jitter levels in the stabilisation sub-system will have a significant impact on overall electro-optic system performance. This article presents the results of an investigation into several friction compensation models applied to the validated model of an in-service electro-optic turret. The turret test harness, system identification software and friction measurement techniques used in the validation procedure-experimental transfer function analysis-are presented. A worstcase approach was used in setting the sensor noise and base motion acceleration levels. This test data was then used to validate a mathematical model of the turret elevation axis for use in off-line design and tuning of six friction compensation controllers. Three types of friction compensator model were investigated; a linear Kalman filter, an extended Kalman filter with a static friction model and an extended Kalman filter using a dynamic friction model. Additionally, two controller architectures were used. All six controllers were shown to significantly reduce jitter levels overall, but a new controller architecture was shown to also further reduce image degradation due to smearing.

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“…However, although each component in the optical train (lenses, detector pixel angular subtense, analogueto-digital conversion, etc.) contribute to the overall MTF drop as spatial frequency increases, sightline jitter is often the dominant effect in airborne surveillance systems [6]. For airborne surveillance operations such as those typically performed by unmanned aerial systems (UAS) in either the high-altitude long endurance or medium-altitude long endurance class, increased sightline jitter levels result in much poorer image resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary algorithms in airborne surveillance systems: image enhancement via optimal sightline control

Anderson

2011

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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Airborne electro-optic systems require precise control of the camera line-of-sight vector to prevent unwanted and possibly mission-critical degradation of image quality. This is particularly true for long-range surveillance missions or operation in low signal-to-noise ratio environments. Recent work has shown that pixel smear during camera integration (jitter) can be reduced if adaptive friction compensation ‘shapes’ the jitter frequency content in addition to reducing the energy content. This article expands upon that work by automating the tuning process for the sightline control parameters using a genetic algorithm (GA) with a novel fitness function – the average modulation transfer function. The efficacy of this cost function is illustrated first through tuning of the traditional rate loop proportional + integral controller gains and second via tuning of a bespoke adaptive friction compensator. It is shown in both cases that controllers tuned using the GA with this fitness function are significantly better than the current root-mean-square figure of merit typically employed in stabilization loop design.

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Effects of image restoration on target acquisition

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Quantitative analysis of the improvement in omnidirectional maritime surveillance and tracking due to real-time image enhancement

Quantitative analysis of the improvement in omnidirectional maritime surveillance and tracking due to real-time image enhancement

Sightline Jitter Minimization and Shaping Using Nonlinear Friction Compensation

Evolutionary algorithms in airborne surveillance systems: image enhancement via optimal sightline control

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