Effects of illuminance and color temperature of a general lighting system on psychophysiology while performing paper and computer tasks

Yu, Hanui; Akita, Takeshi

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109796

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For reading durations of 15 or 30 min, a consistent illuminance of 500 lux is recommended. This aligns with earlier research that illuminance variations do not significantly impact productivity over short durations (Fu et al, 2023a;Yu and Akita, 2023). However, for 60-min reading duration, a moderate increase in illuminance is suggested to achieve optimal lighting conditions (Bao et al, 2021).…”

Section: Suggestions For Lighting Environments For Different Reading ...supporting

confidence: 89%

“…Under conditions of 300 lux and 6000K, it is more suitable for highly concentrated attention for thinking and analyzing (Lan et al, 2021). In lighting conditions of 500 lux and 5000K, attention and work efficiency are at their highest with fatigue at its lowest (Yu and Akita, 2023). Under 1,000 lux and 5000 K conditions, individuals display optimal working memory performance but perform less effectively under conditions of 400 lux and 7000 K (Lee and Kim, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of indoor lighting environments on paper reading efficiency and brain fatigue: an experimental study

Zhou,

Pan

2023

Front. Built Environ.

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Introduction: This study investigated the influence of indoor lighting environments on paper reading efficiency and brain fatigue to explore lighting parameters that benefit users during various reading durations.Methods: The study was conducted in the Smart Lighting Lab, where 12 participants were tested under different illuminance levels and correlated color temperatures (CCT) for three distinct reading durations. Reading efficiency during the task tests and objective measures of brain activity by monitoring participants’ electroencephalograms (EEGs) were used as key factors to assess participants’ fatigue levels.Results: By analyzing the subjective and objective results, we found that paper reading efficiency was significantly affected by changes in the lighting environment. Also, based on the results of this study, we propose lighting recommendations for paper reading tasks of different durations. For a 15 min reading task, the lighting condition of 500 lux-6,500 K were the most efficient for reading; for a 30 min reading task, 500 lux-4,000 K lighting environments were found to be the most effective; and 750 lux-6,500 K was the best lighting environment for a 60 min reading duration.Discussion: These suggestions can serve as a reference for designing indoor lighting environment. In addition, they provide guidance to researchers and reviewers conducting similar studies.

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Section: Suggestions For Lighting Environments For Different Reading ...supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of indoor lighting environments on paper reading efficiency and brain fatigue: an experimental study

Zhou,

Pan

2023

Front. Built Environ.

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“…In this research, we designated illuminance, CCT, and reading modalities as the independent variables, while the participants' subjective evaluations of the lighting environment and their attention served as the dependent variables. Existing research indicates that reading on paper requires significantly higher illumination levels compared to reading on electronic devices [33]. Therefore, we chose four illuminance levels (50 lx, 100 lx, 150 lx, and 200 lx) and three color temperatures (3000 K, 4000 K, and 5000 K) to investigate their effects on reading behavior in a vehicle setting.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Visual Performance for In–Vehicle Reading Task Evaluated by Preferences, Emotions and Sustained Attention

Ni,

Weirich,

Lin

2024

Applied Sciences

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The proliferation of electric and hybrid vehicles has made it possible for people to read and work in a stationary vehicle for extended periods. However, the current commonly used in–vehicle lighting design is still centered around driving and driving safety. Following recommendations from the literature, a neutral white color band (4000 K–5000 K) with 50–100 lx at the vehicle table area is favored. Whether this lighting environment can meet the needs to enhance the reading performance in a modern vehicle was investigated in this presented study. Therefore, in total, 12 lighting settings were designed based on combinations of four illuminance levels (50 lx, 100 lx, 150 lx and 200 lx) and three correlated color temperatures (3000 K, 4000 K and 5000 K); we recruited 19 subjects (12 females, 7 males) and let study participants evaluate each condition based on electronic and paper reading. Next, subjective preferences, positive and negative emotions, feeling of fatigue and sustained attention were tested. We found that higher illuminance and higher CCT (Correlated Color Temperature) can significantly improve the performance of in–vehicle readers in most aspects following Kruithof’s law (p < 0.05). Among them, we recommend the combination of 150 lx and 4000 K as the light parameters for in–vehicle reading as a new development guideline. In addition, we also discovered the inconsistency of people’s lighting preferences between in–vehicle spaces and conventional spaces. For indoor lighting, illuminance values up to 1000 lx are still favored. For an in–vehicle function, starting with 200 lx, the preference level and reading performance already declined. In comparison between electronic and paper reading, both were similarly evaluated. These results show that a neutral white light color should be chosen with a horizontal illuminance of maximal 150 lx for a reading light function independent of the reading device. Interdisciplinarily speaking, our findings can be applied in similar small spaces or transportation modes with gentle acceleration and deceleration such as small space hotel rooms, trains, airplanes or ships.

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“…Third, electromagnetic fields do not need to be managed, and the surrounding environment does not need to be limited. NIRS, which measures changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (ΔoxyHb) concentration, has been used in many studies regarding light and color [18,19,23,24].…”

Section: Brain Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Study of Visual and Non-Visual Effects of Light Exposure

2023

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Light simultaneously induces visual and non-visual effects. Although the differences in the spectral sensitivity of intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion cells induce opposing influences on physiological responses, it is difficult to independently measure only non-visual effects. Therefore, the reported effects of light color on physiological responses are inconsistent. This study aimed to clarify the visual and non-visual effects of light color on physiological responses. Three different conditions were employed to construct a lighting environment in which light colors were difficult to perceive due to chromatic adaptation and change blindness: constant white light (baseline condition), a gradual transition from white to blue light, and a gradual transition from white to red light. The physiological responses (brain activity, heart rate variability, and electrodermal activity) of 21 participants were measured with and without light color perception. The results suggested that blue light causes more non-visual effects compared to red light as blue light induces brain activation in some regions of the PFC (p < 0.05) and increases sweating, although the differences were not statistically significant. A mean comparison suggested that the visual effects of blue light showed tendencies toward a calming role for the prefrontal cortex and inhibition of sweating, but the differences were not statistically significant. Another mean comparison suggested that the visual effects of red light tended to enhance sweating, but the differences were not statistically significant. Visual and non-visual effects did not cause significant differences in heart rate variability. Additionally, a mean comparison did not reveal any significant tendencies.

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Effects of illuminance and color temperature of a general lighting system on psychophysiology while performing paper and computer tasks

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of indoor lighting environments on paper reading efficiency and brain fatigue: an experimental study

Effects of indoor lighting environments on paper reading efficiency and brain fatigue: an experimental study

Enhanced Visual Performance for In–Vehicle Reading Task Evaluated by Preferences, Emotions and Sustained Attention

Physiological Study of Visual and Non-Visual Effects of Light Exposure

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