Effects of Toona Sinensis Leaf Extract on Lipolysis in Differentiated 3T3‐L1 Adipocytes

Abstract

The effect of substances extracted from Toona sinensis leaves with 50% alcohol solution on lipolysis was investigated in cultured 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes. The amount of glycerol released from cells into culture medium was used to measure lipolysis activity. Glycerol release was increased by Toona sinensis leaf extract in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Following treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells with various concentrations of Toona sinensis leaf extract (0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 mg/mL) for 6 hours, the amounts of glycerol released from 3T3-L1 cells increased from a control value of 99 nmol/mg protein to 127, 144, and 154 nmol/mg protein, respectively. The lipolytic effect of Toona sinensis leaf extract was not inhibited by pretreatment of cells with cycloheximide, econazole, baicalein, or indomethacin. However, the lipolytic activity induced by Toona sinensis leaf extract was diminished by dibutyryl cyclic adenosine-5'-monophosphate (dibutyryl cAMP) and the protein kinase C inhibitor calphostin C. These results indicate that the lipolytic effect induced by Toona sinensis leaf substances may be involved in the protein kinase C pathway and may be down-regulated by cAMP.

Genetic diversity of Toona sinensis Roem in China revealed by ISSR and SRAP markers

“…Importantly, almost all parts of T. sinensis including seed, bark, root bark, petioles, and leaves have a number of traditional Chinese medicinal values (for example: used as febrifuge, astringent, carminative, and used for enteritis and dysentery treatments) (Xien, 1996;Edmonds and Staniforth, 1998). More recently, various other biological values discovered from the T. sinensis leaf extracts have been reported: anti-cancer (Chang et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2010), antiinflammatory (Yang et al, 2006), anti-diabetes (Hsu et al, 2003), anti-neoplastic effect (Chia et al, 2010), and inhibitory effects on Leydig cell steroidogenesis (Poon et al, 2005), severe acute respiratory syndromes and coronavirus replication (Chen et al, 2008), and antitumor (Yang et al, 2013). In addition, T. sinensis trunk is a good source of hardwood (Edmonds and Staniforth, 1998).…”

Identification of phenolics in Chinese toon and analysis of their content changes during storage

“…The edible leaves have also been employed as an oriental medicine for treatment of enteritis, dysentery and itchiness, without any irreversible side effects observed after treatment (Edmonds & Staniforth, 1998). Recently, various biological activities of T. sinensis leaf extracts have been reported, including anti-cancer Chang, Hung, Huang, & Hsu, 2002), anti-inflammation (Yang et al, 2006), anti-diabetes (Yu, 2002;Hsu, Yang, Hwang, & Hong, 2003), antioxidant (Hseu et al, 2008;Cho et al, 2003), inhibition of Leydig cell steroidogenesis (Poon, Leu, Hsu, Liu, & Huang, 2005), and improvement of the dynamic activity of human sperm (Yang, 2003).…”

Effects of hot-water extract of Toona sinensis on immune response and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Oreochromis mossambicus

“…Water extract of T. sinensis possesses high antioxidant activity and many biological functions, and no toxic effects have been described [27,28]. Crude extracts of T. sinensis have been reported to induce apoptosis in human lung cancer and HL-60 cells [29], reduce plasma glucose in diabetic rats [30], and improve lipolysis and glucose levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes [31]. Furthermore, T. sinensis can improve the dynamic activity of human sperm [32], and inhibit steroidogenesis by suppressing the activities of steroidogenic enzymes in normal mouse Leydig cells [27].…”