Effects of <i>n</i>‐3 fatty acid supplements on glycemic traits in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients: A double‐blind randomized controlled trial

Zheng, Ju‐Sheng; Lin, Mei; Fang, Ling; Yu, Ying; Yuan, Liping; Jin, Yongxin; Jiang, Feng; Wang, Ling; Yang, Hong; Chen, Wei-Yu; Li, Dandan; Tang, Jun; Cai, Wei; Shi, Mei-qi; Li, Zihao; Wang, Fenglei; Li, Duo

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201600230

Cited by 57 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…We conducted a multi-centre double-blind parallel randomised controlled trial (n = 185) to investigated the effects of n-3 PUFA supplements (both marine [fish oil] and plant source [flaxseed oil]) on glycaemic traits in Chinese patients with T2D. This trial found that fish oil supplement, compared with corn oil control group, significantly decreased glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and TG 18 . In the present study, using serum metabolomics data (n = 53) from a single centre of the aforementioned multi-centre trial ( Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Serum metabolomics profiles in response to n-3 fatty acids in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind randomised controlled trial

Zheng

Imamura

Cai

et al. 2016

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We aimed to investigate the change of serum metabolomics in response to n-3 fatty acid supplements in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In a double-blind parallel randomised controlled trial, 59 Chinese T2D patients were randomised to receive either fish oil (FO), flaxseed oil (FSO) or corn oil capsules (CO, served as a control group) and followed up for 180 days. An additional 17 healthy non-T2D participants were recruited at baseline for cross-sectional comparison between cases and non-cases. A total of 296 serum metabolites were measured among healthy controls and T2D patients before and after the intervention. Serum 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoate (CMPF) (P-interaction = 1.8 × 10−7) was the most significant metabolite identified by repeated-measures ANOVA, followed by eicosapentaenoate (P-interaction = 4.6 × 10−6), 1-eicosapentaenoylglycerophosphocholine (P-interaction = 3.4 × 10−4), docosahexaenoate (P-interaction = 0.001), linolenate (n-3 or n-6, P-interaction = 0.005) and docosapentaenoate (n-3, P-interaction = 0.021). CMPF level was lower in T2D patients than in the healthy controls (P = 0.014) and it was significantly increased in the FO compared with CO group (P = 1.17 × 10−7). Furthermore, change of CMPF during the intervention was negatively correlated with change of serum triglycerides (P = 0.016). In conclusion, furan fatty acid metabolite CMPF was the strongest biomarker of fish oil intake. The association of CMPF with metabolic markers warrants further investigation.

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confidence: 99%

Serum metabolomics profiles in response to n-3 fatty acids in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind randomised controlled trial

Zheng

Imamura

Cai

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Furthermore, a 12-week flaxseed oil supplementation was effective in improving insulin levels, HOMA-IR and QUICKI in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (13) . However, flaxseed oil supplementation (2•5 g/d) for 6 months did not improve glycaemic control and lipid profiles in patients with T2DM (14) . In another study, 6-week vitamin D supplementation had no significant effect on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in overweight and obese women (39) .…”

Section: Effects On Glycaemic Control and Lipid Profilesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Previously, we observed that flaxseed oil supplementation significantly reduced insulin resistance in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (13) . However, in another study, it did not show any beneficial effect on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in diabetic patients (14) . Flaxseed oil contains essential fatty acid that may inhibit the production of inflammatory markers (15) and affect mRNA expression of transcription factors involved in the metabolic pathways (16) .…”

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confidence: 88%

Long-term vitamin D and high-dose n-3 fatty acids’ supplementation improve markers of cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetic patients with CHD

et al. 2019

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This study was performed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids’ co-supplementation on markers of cardiometabolic risk in diabetic patients with CHD. This randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among sixty-one vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD. At baseline, the range of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in study participants was 6·3–19·9 ng/ml. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups either taking 50 000 IU vitamin D supplements every 2 weeks plus 2× 1000 mg/d n-3 fatty acids from flaxseed oil (n 30) or placebo (n 31) for 6 months. Vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids’ co-supplementation significantly reduced mean (P = 0·01) and maximum levels of left carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT) (P = 0·004), and mean (P = 0·02) and maximum levels of right CIMT (P = 0·003) compared with the placebo. In addition, co-supplementation led to a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (β −0·40 mmol/l; 95 % CI −0·77, −0·03; P = 0·03), insulin (β −1·66 μIU/ml; 95 % CI −2·43, −0·89; P < 0·001), insulin resistance (β −0·49; 95 % CI −0·72, −0·25; P < 0·001) and LDL-cholesterol (β −0·21 mmol/l; 95 % CI −0·41, −0·01; P = 0·04), and a significant increase in insulin sensitivity (β +0·008; 95 % CI 0·004, 0·01; P = 0·001) and HDL-cholesterol (β +0·09 mmol/l; 95 % CI 0·01, 0·17; P = 0·02) compared with the placebo. Additionally, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (β −1·56 mg/l; 95 % CI −2·65, −0·48; P = 0·005) was reduced in the supplemented group compared with the placebo group. Overall, vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids’ co-supplementation had beneficial effects on markers of cardiometabolic risk.

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“…The inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the detailed procedures of the trial has previous been reported [ 14 ]. Briefly, the inclusion criteria were fasting blood glucose>7.0 mmol/L or on use of diabetic medications, participants between 35 and 80 years for men or between postmenopausal and 80 years for women; the exclusion criteria were having familial hyperlipidemia or with blood triglycerides >4.56 mmol/L, having a history of hepatic or kidney disease or any type of cancer, or participation in another clinical trial within 30 days prior to screening.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication of a Gene-Diet Interaction at CD36, NOS3 and PPARG in Response to Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplements on Blood Lipids: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2018

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BackgroundModulation of genetic variants on the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplements on blood lipids is still unclear.MethodsIn a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 150 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were randomized into omega-3 fatty acid group (n = 56 for fish oil and 44 for flaxseed oil) and control group (n = 50) for 180 days. All patients were genotyped for genetic variants at CD36 (rs1527483), NOS3 (rs1799983) and PPARG (rs1801282). Linear regression was used to examine the interaction between omega-3 fatty acid intervention and CD36, NOS3 or PPARG variants for blood lipids.FindingsSignificant interaction with omega-3 fatty acid supplements was observed for CD36 on triglycerides (p-interaction = 0.042) and PPAGR on low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p-interaction = 0.02). We also found a significant interaction between change in erythrocyte phospholipid omega-3 fatty acid composition and NOS3 genotype on triglycerides (p-interaction = 0.042), total cholesterol (p-interaction = 0.013) and ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p-interaction = 0.015). The T2D patients of CD36-G allele, PPARG-G allele and NOS3-A allele tended to respond better to omega-3 fatty acids in improving lipid profiles. The interaction results of the omega-3 fatty acid group were mainly attributed to the fish oil supplements.InterpretationThis study suggests that T2D patients with different genotypes at CD36, NOS3 and PPARG respond differentially to intervention of omega-3 supplements in blood lipid profiles.

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Effects of n‐3 fatty acid supplements on glycemic traits in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients: A double‐blind randomized controlled trial

Abstract: Marine n-3 PUFA supplements may improve glycemic control and lipid profiles among Chinese type 2 diabetic patients.

Cited by 57 publications

References 38 publications

Serum metabolomics profiles in response to n-3 fatty acids in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind randomised controlled trial

Serum metabolomics profiles in response to n-3 fatty acids in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind randomised controlled trial

Long-term vitamin D and high-dose n-3 fatty acids’ supplementation improve markers of cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetic patients with CHD

Replication of a Gene-Diet Interaction at CD36, NOS3 and PPARG in Response to Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplements on Blood Lipids: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

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